中国农业大学学报:社会科学版
中國農業大學學報:社會科學版
중국농업대학학보:사회과학판
Journal of China Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)
2013年
3期
5~11
,共null页
城乡二元结构体制 三农问题 户籍制度
城鄉二元結構體製 三農問題 戶籍製度
성향이원결구체제 삼농문제 호적제도
Urban-Rural Dual Structure System; "three rural" issue; household registration system
十八大报告指出:“解决好农业农村农民问题是全党工作重中之重,城乡发展一体化是解决‘三农’问题的根本途径”。中国的“三农”问题长期解决不好的重要原因,是因为城乡二元结构体制的障碍。文章从城乡二元结构体制的由来、特征以及几次破除二元结构体制的实践角度进行分析,指出目前我国“三农”问题的根本仍然是二元结构体制的存在。城乡二元结构体制始于20世纪60年代初的我国严格户籍制度的执行,具有城乡不平等性和社会区隔等特点。在严格区分的城乡户籍制度管理下,国家土地制度、财政支出等都呈现出城乡不平等。因此,文章从户籍制度、土地制度和财政体制三个方面提出破除二元结构体制的政策建议。
十八大報告指齣:“解決好農業農村農民問題是全黨工作重中之重,城鄉髮展一體化是解決‘三農’問題的根本途徑”。中國的“三農”問題長期解決不好的重要原因,是因為城鄉二元結構體製的障礙。文章從城鄉二元結構體製的由來、特徵以及幾次破除二元結構體製的實踐角度進行分析,指齣目前我國“三農”問題的根本仍然是二元結構體製的存在。城鄉二元結構體製始于20世紀60年代初的我國嚴格戶籍製度的執行,具有城鄉不平等性和社會區隔等特點。在嚴格區分的城鄉戶籍製度管理下,國傢土地製度、財政支齣等都呈現齣城鄉不平等。因此,文章從戶籍製度、土地製度和財政體製三箇方麵提齣破除二元結構體製的政策建議。
십팔대보고지출:“해결호농업농촌농민문제시전당공작중중지중,성향발전일체화시해결‘삼농’문제적근본도경”。중국적“삼농”문제장기해결불호적중요원인,시인위성향이원결구체제적장애。문장종성향이원결구체제적유래、특정이급궤차파제이원결구체제적실천각도진행분석,지출목전아국“삼농”문제적근본잉연시이원결구체제적존재。성향이원결구체제시우20세기60년대초적아국엄격호적제도적집행,구유성향불평등성화사회구격등특점。재엄격구분적성향호적제도관리하,국가토지제도、재정지출등도정현출성향불평등。인차,문장종호적제도、토지제도화재정체제삼개방면제출파제이원결구체제적정책건의。
President Hu Jintao's report at the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China had made it quite clear that ' the priority of the whole Communist Party's mission was to solve issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, furthermore, the integration of urban and rural development was the fundamental way of solving these issues'. As for the reason why these three issues is hard to work out, it is because the urban-rnral dual structure obstacles still exist.. This article explores the urban-rural dual structure including institutional origin, characteristics and several Practice of breaking dual structure, and points out that the basic way causing "three rural" issues is the urban-rural dual structure sys- tem. This structure system began from the early 1960's when household registration system was strictly carried out. Under this management system, both the national land system and rural financial expenditure were unequal between urban and ru- ral area. Therefore, authors put forward policy recommendations of getting rid of dual structure system from the household registration system, land system and the financial system in the end.