CAJ | 학술논문

关于鲁桓公的出生之年，史书没有明确记载，历代学者皆付之阙如。当其子鲁庄公出生之时，桓公因他与己“同物”而为他取名为“同”，由此可推知桓公生年。因为，春秋时期流行岁星纪年，根据岁星——即木星大约十二年运行一周天的规律，将周天分成十二个位次。岁星运行到某次，就以该次纪年，十二年一轮回，类似今天的十二生肖纪年法。所谓“同物”就是“同岁”，即鲁桓公和庄公出生之年，岁星运行都在同一个位次，也就是说桓公与庄公的年龄相差为“十二”的倍数。根据庄公出生年及史书所载桓公生平事迹可推断，桓公比庄公大二十四岁。庄公出生于桓公六年（前706），则桓公应出生于鲁惠公四十年（前729）。再以推出的年龄与史书记载桓公生平事迹相验证，无不符合。
관우로환공적출생지년，사서몰유명학기재，역대학자개부지궐여。당기자로장공출생지시，환공인타여기“동물”이위타취명위“동”，유차가추지환공생년。인위，춘추시기류행세성기년，근거세성——즉목성대약십이년운행일주천적규률，장주천분성십이개위차。세성운행도모차，취이해차기년，십이년일륜회，유사금천적십이생초기년법。소위“동물”취시“동세”，즉로환공화장공출생지년，세성운행도재동일개위차，야취시설환공여장공적년령상차위“십이”적배수。근거장공출생년급사서소재환공생평사적가추단，환공비장공대이십사세。장공출생우환공륙년（전706），칙환공응출생우로혜공사십년（전729）。재이추출적년령여사서기재환공생평사적상험증，무불부합。
The literature lacks a clear record about the birth year of Duke Lu Huan in the Spring and Autumn period. Therefore, when people are faced with this problem, they remain silent. When Duke Lu Zhuang was born, his father Duke Huan found that he and his son shared the same thing, namely, the so-called Tong Wu. So he named Duke Zhuang as Tong, which means the Same. This paper proposes that the so-called Tong Wu should refer to the same course of Jupiter. Jupiter Annals was a popular custom in the Spring and Autumn period. The ancients used the law of the Jupiter for 12 years to run a lap in the sky, and hence divided the orbit of Jupiter into 12 uniform parts. When Jupiter moves to a certain place along its course, the people used it to record the year, and restart a cycle in every 12 years. Therefore, if Duke Huan and Duke Zhuang have the same course of Jupiter, Duke Huan must be multiples of 12 years older than his son. Based on the historical records of Duke Huan, it is predictable that Duke Huan is 24 years older than Duke Zhuang. Then Duke Zhuang should be born in 706 B. C. , and Duke Huan in 729 BC. This inference is consistent with the historical materials about Duke Huan.