CAJ | 학술논문

注意瞬脱效应指,在快速呈现的刺激流中,被试对目标刺激的准确辨认会使其后400ms内呈现的探测刺激的识别率显著下降。实验采用快速系列视觉呈现范式（Rapid serial visual presentation,RSVP）,观测自我面孔和他人面孔图片分别作为目标刺激和探测刺激时是否会出现注意瞬脱（Attentional Blink）现象。结果发现,如果探测刺激是自我面孔,被试识别正确率显著高于他人面孔,尤其当目标刺激是他人面孔时,可使注意瞬脱完全消失;目标刺激和探测刺激均为他人面孔时,出现注意瞬脱现象。说明自我面孔不仅有很强的注意抢夺能力,也有很强的注意持续把持能力。
주의순탈효응지,재쾌속정현적자격류중,피시대목표자격적준학변인회사기후400ms내정현적탐측자격적식별솔현저하강。실험채용쾌속계렬시각정현범식（Rapid serial visual presentation,RSVP）,관측자아면공화타인면공도편분별작위목표자격화탐측자격시시부회출현주의순탈（Attentional Blink）현상。결과발현,여과탐측자격시자아면공,피시식별정학솔현저고우타인면공,우기당목표자격시타인면공시,가사주의순탈완전소실;목표자격화탐측자격균위타인면공시,출현주의순탈현상。설명자아면공불부유흔강적주의창탈능력,야유흔강적주의지속파지능력。
Attentional blink （AB） is a phenomenon observed in rapid serial visual presentation （RSVP） . When presented with a sequence of visual stimuli in rapid succession at the same spatial location on a screen,a participant will often fail to detect a second sali- ent target occurring in succession if it is presented between 200-500 ms after the first one. This experiment,based on the rapid serial visual presentation paradigm,investigated whether there is an attentional blink effect as self-face and other-faces being a target and probedthe stimuli respectively. For this purpose,faces of participants,faces of others and random montaged pictures were combined as stimuli series and the distances between probe and target stimulus varied. After the presentation of every pictorial stimulus,the partici pants were asked to judge the identity of target stimulus （picture T1） by pressing a key and say ＂It＇s me＂or ＂It＇s not me＂,the partici-pants were also asked to report if they had seen an intact and clear probe stimulus（picture T2） . The results showed that for the two levels of target stimulus,if T1 were self-faces,there＇s no significant difference between the correct recognition rates of self-faces and other-faces as T2 stimulus. That is,the prior processing of self-faces pictures has few influence on the processing of different follow-up stimuli. However,when the probe stimulus was self-face,the correct recognition rate was obviously higher than that of other-faces and the attentional blink totally disappeared. If other-faces were used as both the target and probe stimulus,the AB effect occurred. We observed that in such a case,after the presentation of T1,the correct recognition rates of T2 were much lower when T2 appeared at the second and third position in the stimuli sequence. A conclusion can be drawn from the experiment that under the RSVP paradigm,only if the self-faces were neither the target stimuli nor the probe stimuli would an obvious AB phenomenon appear. It embodies the dominant role of self-faces played in the processing process and also demonstrates the mechanism of this dominancy,that is,the self-face performed better not only in drawing attention but also in holding it. We think this kind of biased information （self-relevant and environmental） processing model is related with the survival motives. It guarantees that the inner information needs get priority in processing process. This processing model is stable and forceful and propitious for self-preservation.