CAJ | 학술논문

延迟折扣指由于发生时间上的延迟,未来结果的当前价值低于其实际价值或控制当前行为效力下降的心理现象。本文在介绍了延迟折扣的概念及测量方法与指标的基础上,综述了延迟折扣与青少年物质滥用与成瘾、外化问题间关系的研究,发现青少年酗酒者、烟瘾者及网络成瘾者的延迟折扣率高于非成瘾者,而延迟折扣与青少年外化问题之间的关系尚无一致性结论,最后指出了延迟折扣及其与青少年物质滥用与成瘾、外化问题间关系的未来研究方向。
연지절구지유우발생시간상적연지,미래결과적당전개치저우기실제개치혹공제당전행위효력하강적심리현상。본문재개소료연지절구적개념급측량방법여지표적기출상,종술료연지절구여청소년물질람용여성은、외화문제간관계적연구,발현청소년후주자、연은자급망락성은자적연지절구솔고우비성은자,이연지절구여청소년외화문제지간적관계상무일치성결론,최후지출료연지절구급기여청소년물질람용여성은、외화문제간관계적미래연구방향。
Delay - discounting refers to such a phenomenon that future consequences or outcomes decrease in value or their effective- ness to control current behaviors, because they are delayed. For a delayed reward, the longer time it is delayed, the less its current subjective value will be compared to its actual value. Delay - discounting rate is used as a mathematical index to describe the extent to which a person discounts the value of future consequences or outcomes. Individuals with high delay - discounting rate tend to choose a smaller but immediate reward, rather than a larger but delayed one. In the current paper, we first introduced the definition, measuring methods and nfeasure indices of delay - discounting. Then we reviewed studies on the relationship of delay - discounting and adolescent problem behaviors （including substance abuse and addiction and externalizing behaviors）. The delay -discounting rate was significantly higher among addicted adolescents （ i. e. , teenager alcoholics, smokers, and Internet addicts） than the non - addicts, and delay - dis- counting could reliably predict adolescents＇ substance abuse and internet addiction. Although a significant association between delay - discounting and adolescents＇ externalizing behaviors was expected theoretically, the empirical studies failed to find a consistent relation- ship between delay -discounting and adolescent externalizing problem behaviors. At the end of the paper, we gave several suggestions regarding to the directions for future research. First, the nature of delay - dis- counting should be extensively explored. Whether it is a personality trait or a phenomenon of cognitive and decision - making？ Future research should answer this question. Second, researchers need to conduct longitudinal study to explore the development trajectory of delay - discounting, and to reveal the associations between individuals＇delay - discounting and the relevant personality and cognitive var- iables （i. e. temperament, future time perspective）. Third, in order to reveal the impact of delay -discounting on adolescents＇ psycho- logical and social adaptation, more complex research design should be employed and other variables regarding to adolescents＇ personali- ty, cognition, emotion and developmental contexts such as parenting should be considered and included in the research. Last but not the least, the study of delay - discounting has a broad prospect, especially from a developmental perspective. Whether is delay - discoun- ting related with positive youth development or not？ Previous studies mostly focused on the individuals who have a high delay - discoun- ting rate, and few research discussedthe low delay -discounting rate group. Does this low delay -discounting rate group have somead- vantages in daily work and life？ These problems are worth studying and discussing in the future.