CAJ | 학술논문

食盐是中国历代封建王朝榷估的特殊商品,食盐事关国计民生,历代王朝都把榷估专营作为经营管理食盐的主要原则。历史上云南地区产盐总量不丰,但自汉朝就设有盐官,唐宋时南诏大理国割据一方,元明以均设有盐务专职。明王朝平定云南以后,对地处边疆的云南采取了一些特殊策略,利用榷盐特权＂募盐商于各边开中＂是其中的重要策略之一。明代在云南召商开中,扩大了云南盐业生产规模,吸引内地人口流入云南,促进云南与内地的经济文化交流,带动了云南封建商品经济的发展,促进了＂商屯＂的发展,一些土司地区的改土归流就是发轫于此。
식염시중국역대봉건왕조각고적특수상품,식염사관국계민생,역대왕조도파각고전영작위경영관리식염적주요원칙。역사상운남지구산염총량불봉,단자한조취설유염관,당송시남조대리국할거일방,원명이균설유염무전직。명왕조평정운남이후,대지처변강적운남채취료일사특수책략,이용각염특권＂모염상우각변개중＂시기중적중요책략지일。명대재운남소상개중,확대료운남염업생산규모,흡인내지인구류입운남,촉진운남여내지적경제문화교류,대동료운남봉건상품경제적발전,촉진료＂상둔＂적발전,일사토사지구적개토귀류취시발인우차。
Being related to people’s livelihood,salt had been a commodity under the direct monopoly of every feudal dynasty in China.Various dynasties regarded ＂the monopoly system of salt＂ as the main principles of management of salt.The government of the Ming Dynasty applied special policies to Yunnan Province,which is situated in border region and enlisted businessmen in many areas of Yunnan to run salt by means of vesting them with monopoly rights.These measures led to the direct emergence of ＂commerce＂ and gave a powerful promotion to the development of the feudal commodity economy in Yunnan.The reform of nomination of magistrates started at it in some areas.