CAJ | 학술논문

我国高等学校初始分层动因源于20世纪50年代国家重点大学政策的诞生,除＂文化大革命＂时期外,高等教育系统等级界线一直比较明显,各类学校在办学经费、师资配备、招生条件、社会声望等方面存在较大差异。这意味着学生进入不同层级的大学将获得不同质量的入学机会。研究表明,父母社会阶层高、文化程度高、行政职务高、经济条件好的学生,在国家重点大学等高层级院校中,获得更多的入学机会,而父母社会阶层低、文化程度低、行政职务低、经济条件差的学生,大多数聚集在二本、三本、大专等低层级院校中。这种高等学校分层状况与当前社会分层具有同构性,这在一定程度上固化了现有的社会阶层结构,造成学生隔离现象,影响社会和谐,需要借助国家政策干预加以消解。
아국고등학교초시분층동인원우20세기50년대국가중점대학정책적탄생,제＂문화대혁명＂시기외,고등교육계통등급계선일직비교명현,각류학교재판학경비、사자배비、초생조건、사회성망등방면존재교대차이。저의미착학생진입불동층급적대학장획득불동질량적입학궤회。연구표명,부모사회계층고、문화정도고、행정직무고、경제조건호적학생,재국가중점대학등고층급원교중,획득경다적입학궤회,이부모사회계층저、문화정도저、행정직무저、경제조건차적학생,대다수취집재이본、삼본、대전등저층급원교중。저충고등학교분층상황여당전사회분층구유동구성,저재일정정도상고화료현유적사회계층결구,조성학생격리현상,영향사회화해,수요차조국가정책간예가이소해。
The initial layered motivation of higher schools stemmed from the birth of the national key university policy in the 1950s. In addition to the ＂Cultural Revolution＂ period, the level boundaries of the higher education system have been obvious, in which school funding, teaching staff, enrollment conditions and social prestige are quite different. This means that the students who enter different levels of universities will get a different quality of enrollment opportunities. The study shows that the students whose parents are in high social class, in high educational level, in high administrative duties, in good economic conditions, will have more enrollment opportunities in high-level national key universities. While the ones whose parents are in low social class, in low educational level, in low administrative duties, in poor economic conditions, will more gathered in two, three lower-level universities. This stratification of higher education is the same configuration with the current social stratification, which, to a certain extent, solidifies the existing class structure, results in students isolated phenomenon, and which is necessary to be digested by national policy interventions.