CAJ | 학술논문

本研究利用2003—2011年全国高校毕业生抽样调查数据分析了毕业生面临的就业环境和就业状况，发现毕业生面临的是一个岗位实际技能需求有所降低但入职学历门槛不断提升的市场，所以出现了越来越多的向下职位挤压和过度教育。研究还进一步分析了过度教育发生的原因，发现追随性求职策略导致能力较弱的毕业生没有竞争优势，进而不能获得适度匹配的岗位；专业人力资本不足的毕业生需要更多的教育信号来证明个人能力，也因此而发生过度教育；更多的教育还可能成为弱势家庭子女弥补家庭社会经济资本不足的一项工具。
본연구이용2003—2011년전국고교필업생추양조사수거분석료필업생면림적취업배경화취업상황，발현필업생면림적시일개강위실제기능수구유소강저단입직학력문함불단제승적시장，소이출현료월래월다적향하직위제압화과도교육。연구환진일보분석료과도교육발생적원인，발현추수성구직책략도치능력교약적필업생몰유경쟁우세，진이불능획득괄도필배적강위；전업인력자본불족적필업생수요경다적교육신호래증명개인능력，야인차이발생과도교육；경다적교육환가능성위약세가정자녀미보가정사회경제자본불족적일항공구。
This paper examines job market environment graduates faced and their mismatch using data from Higher Education Graduates Employment Survey 2003-2011. The job required skill and education declined but qualification to gain the job rise. More and more graduates downgraded and overeducated in their position. It was found that formable job search strategies of weak graduates brought competitive disadvantage, and thus can not gain matched position. Graduates lack of professional human capital graduates need more education signals to prove personal ability. Surplus education is also likely to become tools for making up insufficient of family social capital for disadvantage graduates.