CAJ | 학술논문

我国正处于劳动关系转型的关键时期，工会的作用及其经济后果广受关注。本文通过一个理论模型刻画了工会影响劳动收入份额的经济逻辑，并利用2010年全国民营企业调查数据展开经验研究。结果表明，工会导致企业工资率和劳动生产率的显著提升，但由于后者的升幅更大，因此劳动收入份额反而下降了。针对子样本的分析进一步发现，工会对劳动收入份额的影响程度在不同要素密集型行业有着差异。上述研究从理论和经验上确认了工会是劳动收入份额的重要影响因素之一，有助于深化人们对工会在收入分配中的实际作用的认识和理解。
아국정처우노동관계전형적관건시기，공회적작용급기경제후과엄수관주。본문통과일개이론모형각화료공회영향노동수입빈액적경제라집，병이용2010년전국민영기업조사수거전개경험연구。결과표명，공회도치기업공자솔화노동생산솔적현저제승，단유우후자적승폭경대，인차노동수입빈액반이하강료。침대자양본적분석진일보발현，공회대노동수입빈액적영향정도재불동요소밀집형행업유착차이。상술연구종이론화경험상학인료공회시노동수입빈액적중요영향인소지일，유조우심화인문대공회재수입분배중적실제작용적인식화리해。
China is going through a critical period in which labor relations face major transition, therefore the role and economic effect of labor union are of widespread concern. This paper illuminates the effect of union on labor share in a theoretical model, and undertakes empirical analysis with the National Survey Data of Private Enterprises in 2010. Our studies show that, unions boost both firm＇ s average wage and its labor productivity, but the latter outpaces the former, which results in instead the decline of labor share. Further investigations with subsamples reveal that the effects of union vary among industries with different factor intensity. Our studies confirm both theoretically and empirically that union is indeed one of the factors that affect labor share, and help to sharpen our understanding of union＇ s role in the income distribution.