CAJ | 학술논문

通过比较1995—2010年三次人口调查数据，考察我国省际劳动力流动的特征演变及经济合理性。结果表明，1995—2010年我国省际劳动力流动数量上呈现出规模趋大，流入流出分布均呈空间极化和时间惯性，典型流入省区的流出增幅趋大，流动重心北移等特征。结构演变则表现为省际流动劳动力年龄分布趋于集中，纵比中年化与横比年轻化并存、受教育水平趋高但增幅趋小、经济型流动为主且日趋明显、中西部短期化流动倾向增强，东部和东北部则渐趋长期化、就业集中于二三次产业，且东部更趋向集中等。计量结果显示，1995—2010年的省际劳动力流动有助于促进地区经济发展和缩小省区间经济增长差距，具备经济合理性。
통과비교1995—2010년삼차인구조사수거，고찰아국성제노동력류동적특정연변급경제합이성。결과표명，1995—2010년아국성제노동력류동수량상정현출규모추대，류입류출분포균정공간겁화화시간관성，전형류입성구적류출증폭추대，류동중심북이등특정。결구연변칙표현위성제류동노동력년령분포추우집중，종비중년화여횡비년경화병존、수교육수평추고단증폭추소、경제형류동위주차일추명현、중서부단기화류동경향증강，동부화동북부칙점추장기화、취업집중우이삼차산업，차동부경추향집중등。계량결과현시，1995—2010년적성제노동력류동유조우촉진지구경제발전화축소성구간경제증장차거，구비경제합이성。
The article studies the feature evolution and economic rationality of inter-provincial labor flows in China by comparing the data of three population censuses from 1995 to 2010. The conclusions include that, the amount of China＇s inter-provincial labor flows expanded over this period and the distribution of inflow and outflow was characterized by space polarization and time inertia. Besides, the amount of outflow from typical flow-in provinces was growing and the center of these flows shifted northward. Structural evolution made the age distribution tended to be more concentrated, then middle- aging in vertical comparison and younger age in horizontal comparison coexisted. Economical flows dominated and were becoming more obvious. The flows trended to be more short-term in the Midwest while more long-term in the east and northeast, and employment concentrated in secondary and tertiary industry, even more concentrated in eastern area. Empirical study shows that the inter-provincial labor flows in China from 1995 to 2010 had effectively promoted the regional economic development and narrowed the gap of economic growth between the provinces. So the inter-provincial labor flows in China possessed economic rationality.