天津大学学报:社会科学版
天津大學學報:社會科學版
천진대학학보:사회과학판
Journal of Tianjin University(Social Sciences)
2013年
5期
458~461
,共null页
中外大学 初创时期 制度特征
中外大學 初創時期 製度特徵
중외대학 초창시기 제도특정
Chinese and Western university; start-up period; system characteristics
中外大学初创时期的规章制度有着明显的差异性。西方先有大学后有制度,中国先有制度后有大学;西方大学是由行会组织发展而来,具有自治权和学术自由权,大学与国家之间相对独立;中国大学缘于“兴学强国”的目的,为国家服务并受国家领导,但也充分体现了中西文化融合的特征。大学制度的差异反映了各自国家文化背景的差异。
中外大學初創時期的規章製度有著明顯的差異性。西方先有大學後有製度,中國先有製度後有大學;西方大學是由行會組織髮展而來,具有自治權和學術自由權,大學與國傢之間相對獨立;中國大學緣于“興學彊國”的目的,為國傢服務併受國傢領導,但也充分體現瞭中西文化融閤的特徵。大學製度的差異反映瞭各自國傢文化揹景的差異。
중외대학초창시기적규장제도유착명현적차이성。서방선유대학후유제도,중국선유제도후유대학;서방대학시유행회조직발전이래,구유자치권화학술자유권,대학여국가지간상대독립;중국대학연우“흥학강국”적목적,위국가복무병수국가령도,단야충분체현료중서문화융합적특정。대학제도적차이반영료각자국가문화배경적차이。
A clear difference between Chinese and Western universities in their rules and regulations can be found during the start-up period. For western universities, the university system appeared after the naissance of the university. But for Chinese universities, situation was antithetical. Western Universities were evolved from guild organizations, where universi- ties have autonomy and academic freedom rights. The relationship between the university and the country is relatively inde- pendent. Universities in China were founded for the purpose of "development of the country by education". Chinese univer- sities serve the country and are regulated by the nation. However, they also show the blend of Chinese and Western cul- tures. The differences in university system reflect differences in cultural backgrounds of their countries respectively.