CAJ | 학술논문

为了促进微生物学理论与技术在我国文物保护领域中的应用，使我国的文物保护与国际先进水平接轨，本文通过对国内外有关文物保护微生物学研究进展的综述，阐述了饱水木质文物细菌性病害的成因和机理。侵蚀细菌、钻管细菌和空化细菌是饱水木质文物细菌性病害的病原体，但它们的作用方式有一定的区别。在饱水木质文物细菌性病害诊断上，国外已较为普遍地使用了光镜技术、电镜技术、细菌培养技术以及多种分子生物学技术。根据众多样本分析的结果，国外学者已建立评价饱水木质文物腐蚀状态的定性指标体系。文中还结合目前我国有关饱水木质文物保护的现状，阐述了文物保护微生物学在我国饱水木质文物保护中的应用前景，并建议尽快开展相关的研究工作。
위료촉진미생물학이론여기술재아국문물보호영역중적응용，사아국적문물보호여국제선진수평접궤，본문통과대국내외유관문물보호미생물학연구진전적종술，천술료포수목질문물세균성병해적성인화궤리。침식세균、찬관세균화공화세균시포수목질문물세균성병해적병원체，단타문적작용방식유일정적구별。재포수목질문물세균성병해진단상，국외이교위보편지사용료광경기술、전경기술、세균배양기술이급다충분자생물학기술。근거음다양본분석적결과，국외학자이건립평개포수목질문물부식상태적정성지표체계。문중환결합목전아국유관포수목질문물보호적현상，천술료문물보호미생물학재아국포수목질문물보호중적응용전경，병건의진쾌개전상관적연구공작。
In order to promote the use of microbiological theory and technology in the field of protection of cultural relics in China, and to keep Chinese protection of cultural relics in line with advanced, international practices, the causes and mechanism of bacterial damage to the water - saturated archaeological wood are reviewed. This review includes both domestic and foreign references related to microbiological studies of objects of cultural heritage. Bac- teria that cause erosion, tunneling and cavitation were considered to be the major bacterial pathogens in the water - saturated archaeological wood. However, the damaging mechanisms of theses pathogens differ from one type to an- other. In Europe, identification of bacteria in water - saturated archaeological wood is commonly based on microsco- py, electron microscopy, bacterial culture and many other molecular biological methods and techniques. Based on the results of this review, a qualitative - index system for evaluation of decay in water saturated archaeological wood is suggested. Furthermore, a scenario is described for the application of microbiology for the protection status of water saturated archaeological wood in China. Implementation of related research is urgently recommended.