CAJ | 학술논문

目的：本研究通过建立优秀竞技健美操男运动员体能评价体系,为优秀竞技健美操男运动员选材、体能评价、科学训练等提供一定的理论参考依据.方法：利用调查研究法、指标测量法和数理统计法等对国家竞技健美操训练基地（华东师范大学）17名优秀竞技健美操运动员进行研究.分别从运动员的身体形态、身体机能和运动素质特征人手,对专家、教练员和健将级运动员本人所筛选出的18项身体形态指标、10项身体机能指标、8项一般素质和7项专项素质指标进行测试并进行因子分析,将能代表竞技健美操运动员身体形态、身体机能和运动素质的典型因子作为体能评价指标,以期建立我国优秀竞技健美操男运动员的体能评价体系.结果：体重、下肢长、腰臀比、踝围和头高可作为评价优秀竞技健美操男运动员身体形态的典型指标；红细胞压积、血小板和淋巴细胞可作为评价优秀竞技健美操男运动员身体机能的典型指标；2min 10m往返跑、反肩实验和坐位体前屈分腿可作为评价优秀竞技健美操男运动员身体素质的一般指标,而曲臂撑、依柳辛和立转可作为评价优秀竞技健美操男运动员身体素质的专项素质指标.结论：优秀竞技健美操运动员的体能在身体形态、身体机能和运动素质三方面具有专项特点,在优秀竞技健美操男运动员选材、体能水平评价和科学运动训练应参考上述这些典型指标.
목적：본연구통과건립우수경기건미조남운동원체능평개체계,위우수경기건미조남운동원선재、체능평개、과학훈련등제공일정적이론삼고의거.방법：이용조사연구법、지표측량법화수리통계법등대국가경기건미조훈련기지（화동사범대학）17명우수경기건미조운동원진행연구.분별종운동원적신체형태、신체궤능화운동소질특정인수,대전가、교련원화건장급운동원본인소사선출적18항신체형태지표、10항신체궤능지표、8항일반소질화7항전항소질지표진행측시병진행인자분석,장능대표경기건미조운동원신체형태、신체궤능화운동소질적전형인자작위체능평개지표,이기건립아국우수경기건미조남운동원적체능평개체계.결과：체중、하지장、요둔비、과위화두고가작위평개우수경기건미조남운동원신체형태적전형지표；홍세포압적、혈소판화림파세포가작위평개우수경기건미조남운동원신체궤능적전형지표；2min 10m왕반포、반견실험화좌위체전굴분퇴가작위평개우수경기건미조남운동원신체소질적일반지표,이곡비탱、의류신화립전가작위평개우수경기건미조남운동원신체소질적전항소질지표.결론：우수경기건미조운동원적체능재신체형태、신체궤능화운동소질삼방면구유전항특점,재우수경기건미조남운동원선재、체능수평평개화과학운동훈련응삼고상술저사전형지표.
Purpose ： The purpose of the paper is to provide theoretical references for the selection of excellent aerobics male athletes, their physical fitness assessment and scientific training through the establishment of physical fitness evaluation system. Methods： the methods of survey study, index measurement and mathematical statistics are used to study 17 excellent aerobics athletes from the national aerobics training base of East China Normal University （7 Interna- tional master- grade athletes, 7 first- grade athletes and 2 second- grade athletes）. 18 body shape indexes, 10 physi- cal function indexes, 8 general qualities and 7 special qualities are selected by coaches, sports experts and master - grade athletes themselves to be tested and analyzed. Such indexes can be used as typical indexes to represent the athletes body shape, physical function and fitness in order to establish the evaluation system for national aerobics athletes. Results ： weight, lower extremity length, waist - hip ratio, ankle girth and head height can be used as typical evaluation in- dexes of body shape of excellent aerobics male athletes ; hematocrit, platelet and lymphocyte can be used as typical inde- xes of physical function; 2min- 10m shuttle running, reverse shoulder experiment and sit- and- reach split can be used as general indexes of fitness, while arm brace, illusion and turn can be used as special indexes. Conclusion： Ex- cellent male aerobics athletes possess special characteristics in the three aspects of body shape, physical function and fit- ness. These typical indexes should be referred to in the selection of excellent male aerobics athletes.