CAJ | 학술논문

后悔内容的研究由于缺乏理论总结长期处于后悔研究的主流之外。Roese和Summerville{2005）通过元分析发现美国人的后悔出现在12个生活领域，在此基础上，他们提出解释后悔内容的机会理论，该理论的核心观点是机会导致了后悔。而Beike、Markman和Karadogan（2009）的观点刚好相反，他们认为失去的机会才会产生后悔。我们将中国人的后悔和美国人的后悔进行比较后，发现中国人后悔出现的生活领域和美国人既有相似性也有差异。该结果提示，除了（失去的）机会之外生活领域的重要性可能也是解释后悔内容的一个重要因素。
후회내용적연구유우결핍이론총결장기처우후회연구적주류지외。Roese화Summerville{2005）통과원분석발현미국인적후회출현재12개생활영역，재차기출상，타문제출해석후회내용적궤회이론，해이론적핵심관점시궤회도치료후회。이Beike、Markman화Karadogan（2009）적관점강호상반，타문인위실거적궤회재회산생후회。아문장중국인적후회화미국인적후회진행비교후，발현중국인후회출현적생활영역화미국인기유상사성야유차이。해결과제시，제료（실거적）궤회지외생활영역적중요성가능야시해석후회내용적일개중요인소。
The content of regrets lies outside the mainstream of regret research for decades due to lack of theoretical framework. It was not until 2005 that Roese and Summerville proposed an opportunity principle to explain the rankings of people＇s biggest life regrets. They first developed a 12 - category framework of life domains, and then did a meta - analysis of eleven previous regret ranking studies with this framework. The results of meta- analysis revealed that Americans＇ six biggest regrets fell into the following life domains （ in descending or- der）： education, career, romance, parenting, self- improvement, and leisure. Their laboratory evidences further showed that the greater the perceived opportunity within these twelve life domains,the more intense regretwould be evoked. On the basis of these findings, Roese and Summerville （2005） developed an anti -intuitive opportunity principle, which claimed that opportunity bred regret. However, Beike, Markman and Karadogan （2009） pointed out that some previous empirical findings were inconsistent with the op- portunity principle, and that Roese and Summerville＇s （2005） data did not provide a clear link between opportunity and regret. More importantly, their problematic methodology failed to distinguish future opportunities from past ones; as a result, this confusion did not allow for a direct inference of perceived opportunity regarding the life regret itself. On the contrary, Beike et al （2009） proposed that feelings of regret were more likely elicited by perceptions of lost opportunity than those of future opportunity： People regret outcomes that could have been changed in the past but can no longer be changed any more. Between 1999 and 2011, five papers were published containing tabulations of life regrets in Chinese journals. Using the same framework of life domains and the same coding from Roese and Summerville （2005）, we did a simple meta - analysis with two of the five Chinese regretstudies, including one big - sample survey. Our meta - analysis results showed remarkable agreement with American＇s on the one hand, that is, Chinese five biggest regrets centered on （in descending order） education, career, self - improvement, ro- mance and parenting. On the other hand, there were some differences between the two countries ： 1 ） regrets in a unique life domain of guangxi in Chinese sample ranked sixth, and 2） there were no regrets in the domains of spirituality and community for the Chinese par- ticipants. These results could be explained only in part with the （lost） opportunity principle, and we believe that the importance of life domain would play a vital role in life regrets as well. Undoubtedly, this idea calls for a direct test in the future, although it had indirect support from existing research of cultural differences in counterfactual thinking and regret.