学术月刊
學術月刊
학술월간
Academic Monthly
2013年
9期
129~137
,共null页
北魏 鲜卑葬俗 胡化 汉化
北魏 鮮卑葬俗 鬍化 漢化
북위 선비장속 호화 한화
Northern Wei Dynasty, Xianbei tribe' funeral, foreignization, Sinicization
北魏鲜卑葬俗的演变过程体现出汉化和胡化混合交叉的复杂特征。北魏鲜卑葬俗从胡风到汉俗的转型,以太和改制为分水岭。改制以前,鲜卑葬俗以本族丧葬风格为主,如葬送之日伴以歌谣、鼓舞、杀牲和烧葬,甚至还可婚娶作乐。改制以后,鲜卑葬俗呈现出儒家化的进程;但鲜卑族的丧葬传统并未完全遗弃,并显示出多元胡化的特征,如突厥化的倾向。魏末元怿葬礼所呈现的混合元素,正是北魏鲜卑丧葬习俗多元文化冲突整合的鲜活体现。北魏鲜卑丧葬习俗的演变过程,显示出北魏胡汉、胡胡民族融合与文化互动的典型特征。
北魏鮮卑葬俗的縯變過程體現齣漢化和鬍化混閤交扠的複雜特徵。北魏鮮卑葬俗從鬍風到漢俗的轉型,以太和改製為分水嶺。改製以前,鮮卑葬俗以本族喪葬風格為主,如葬送之日伴以歌謠、鼓舞、殺牲和燒葬,甚至還可婚娶作樂。改製以後,鮮卑葬俗呈現齣儒傢化的進程;但鮮卑族的喪葬傳統併未完全遺棄,併顯示齣多元鬍化的特徵,如突厥化的傾嚮。魏末元懌葬禮所呈現的混閤元素,正是北魏鮮卑喪葬習俗多元文化遲突整閤的鮮活體現。北魏鮮卑喪葬習俗的縯變過程,顯示齣北魏鬍漢、鬍鬍民族融閤與文化互動的典型特徵。
북위선비장속적연변과정체현출한화화호화혼합교차적복잡특정。북위선비장속종호풍도한속적전형,이태화개제위분수령。개제이전,선비장속이본족상장풍격위주,여장송지일반이가요、고무、살생화소장,심지환가혼취작악。개제이후,선비장속정현출유가화적진정;단선비족적상장전통병미완전유기,병현시출다원호화적특정,여돌궐화적경향。위말원역장례소정현적혼합원소,정시북위선비상장습속다원문화충돌정합적선활체현。북위선비상장습속적연변과정,현시출북위호한、호호민족융합여문화호동적전형특정。
The custom of Xianbei tribe' funeral in Northern Wei Dynasty contained the multiple factors, especially the the characteristics of Sinicization and foreignization. Taihe Reformation witnessed the transition from foreignization to Sinieization. Before the reformaiton, the custom was based on the tribe' habit. For instance, on the burial-day Xianbei tribe' pepole might sing, dance, kill the animals and made the burnning, even deal with the matters of marriage. After reformation, the custom appearred the process of Sinicization, which mingled with the multiple factors, for example, the Turkic factors. Yuanyi funeral displayed the complexity of ethnic and cultural diversity. The custom of Xianbei tribe' funeral in Northern Wei Dynasty reflected the typical character of cultural interaction between Chinese nation and barbarian tribes.