CAJ | 학술논문

公司的专利侵权行为往往是公司董事、高级管理人员直接参与实施或命令下属实施的。倘若公司董事、高级管理人员的行为构成专利侵权且系非职务行为，按照中国、美国的法律都应对被侵权人承担个人责任。倘若公司董事、高级管理人员的行为属于职务行为，如果属于滥用公司人格导致刺破公司面纱的，美国法院会让其对公司专利侵权行为承担直接侵权责任；如果公司董事、高级管理人员指示、命令、授权下属实施专利侵权行为的，美国法院可让其承担引诱侵权或辅助侵权责任。我国当前应实行强化公司董事、高级管理人员责任的政策，在构成刺破公司面纱时，董事、高级管理人员为公司专利侵权行为承担个人责任；董事、高级管理人员知道被侵权专利的存在、知道公司行为会侵犯专利权而故意指示、授权下属实施专利侵权行为的，应依据共同侵权制度与公司承担连带责任。
공사적전리침권행위왕왕시공사동사、고급관리인원직접삼여실시혹명령하속실시적。당약공사동사、고급관리인원적행위구성전리침권차계비직무행위，안조중국、미국적법률도응대피침권인승담개인책임。당약공사동사、고급관리인원적행위속우직무행위，여과속우람용공사인격도치자파공사면사적，미국법원회양기대공사전리침권행위승담직접침권책임；여과공사동사、고급관리인원지시、명령、수권하속실시전리침권행위적，미국법원가양기승담인유침권혹보조침권책임。아국당전응실행강화공사동사、고급관리인원책임적정책，재구성자파공사면사시，동사、고급관리인원위공사전리침권행위승담개인책임；동사、고급관리인원지도피침권전리적존재、지도공사행위회침범전리권이고의지시、수권하속실시전리침권행위적，응의거공동침권제도여공사승담련대책임。
Corporate patent-infringing activities were always committed by employees with the direct involvement of or commanded by the corporate directors and officers. The corporate directors and officers should be found personally liable for their acts outside the scope of their official duties. As for their acts within the scope of their official duties, the US courts may pierce the corporate veil to find the corporate directors and officers liable for direct infringement if the corporation is the directors＇ or officers＇ alter ego. The US courts may also impose inducing or contributory infringement liability on the corporate directors and officers if they directed, commanded, or authorized the subordinates to engage in the patent infringing activities. We should strengthen the liability of the corporate directors and officers in China, that is, the corporate directors and officers should be liable for the patent infringement when the corporate veil is pierced. Furthermore, the directors and officers may be held jointly and severally liable with the corporation, if they intentionally directed or authorized their subordinates to infringe the patent while they knew the existence of the patent and even knew that the patent will be infringed by the corporate acts as well.