CAJ | 학술논문

科技财政投入影响着企业的创新活动，进而促进其自主创新产出。本文基于企业自主创新投入产出作用机理和全要素生产理论，借助于DEA—Malmquist和熵权测算方法，利用山东省2000～2010年七种治理类型企业的面板数据，比较分析了国有企业与非国有企业的自主创新效率，考察了科技财政资金、政策与非政府科技资金在促进企业自主创新能力上的治理制度差异。结果表明，国有企业的资源优势形成了较强的创新活力，但在创新成果转化能力和技术进步因素上逊于非国有企业；在政府减免税科技财政政策惠及所有治理类型企业的同时，非政府科技资金对提升企业的自主创新能力比科技财政资金更有效率。
과기재정투입영향착기업적창신활동，진이촉진기자주창신산출。본문기우기업자주창신투입산출작용궤리화전요소생산이론，차조우DEA—Malmquist화적권측산방법，이용산동성2000～2010년칠충치리류형기업적면판수거，비교분석료국유기업여비국유기업적자주창신효솔，고찰료과기재정자금、정책여비정부과기자금재촉진기업자주창신능력상적치리제도차이。결과표명，국유기업적자원우세형성료교강적창신활력，단재창신성과전화능력화기술진보인소상손우비국유기업；재정부감면세과기재정정책혜급소유치리류형기업적동시，비정부과기자금대제승기업적자주창신능력비과기재정자금경유효솔。
Independent innovation inputs affect innovation activities, and further promote its innovation outputs. Therefore,independent innovation efficiency of finance on S＆T determines the level of capability of inde- pendent innovation and core potential of future development. Overview of the existing literature, we found that ：（1）It has been a lack of empirical research on the effects of the financial support of state-owned enterprises technology, and also lack of a comparative study between state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises. （2）Which is more effective between finance on S＆T and corporate finance？ Ye Zi-rong,Jia Xian-zhou （2011） found the output elasticity of finance on S＆T is different from that of the non-governmental science and technology funds from the provincial panel data level, however, lack of enterprise level. Based on this, this paper intends to make an empirical analysis of the effect of financial funds of Science and technology on state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises during 2000-2010 in Shandong Province, and make a comparative study with that of non-governmental science and technology funds, revealing independent innovation efficiency of state-owned enterprises supported by fi- nance on S＆T, to seek effective science and technology fiscal policy. Based on the Input-output mechanism and total factor productivity theory, the paper, firstly, revises the evalua- tion index system of the National Bureau of Statistics to measure capability of independent innovation. Secondly from the point of view of static and dynamic, the paper analyzes the independent innovation efficiency of state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises during 2000-2010 in Shandong Province using DEA-Malmquist and entropy weight, and examines the effectiveness of public expenditure, finance policies and non-governmental finance funds on independ- ent innovation capability. The results show that：（1）the resource advantage of state-owned enterprises form the strong innovation vitality. State-owned enterprises get a lot of external funds over non-state-owned enterprises by virtue of its natural origin to promote their own innovation activities in the overall. （2）However, state-owned enterprises is inferior to non- state-owned enterprises in the transformation capacity of innovation outputs and technological progress. Although in- novation activities of state-owned enterprises are no less favorable to the non-state-owned enterprises by virtue of its advantages in resources, the transformation capacity of innovation outputs does not catch up with the non-state- owned enterprises, resulting in the overall growth rate of the final total factor productivity inferior to non-state-owned enterprises, and （~）while government tax relief policy benefits all governance types of enterprises, non-governmental finance funds enhance the independent innovation ability more efficiently than public expenditure. The importance of influencing factors on independent innovation capability in order is the same. The government＇s tax relief policy is the most effective, followed by loans from financial institutions, and finally the government funds. The effect of finan- cial funds for science and technology on independent innovation capability is less than the non-governmental science and technology funds ,and corporate finance compared to financial support is more effective in promoting independ- ent innovation capability. The policy recommendations as follows：（1）to stability the resource advantages of state-owned enterprises. （2）to improve the conversion rate of S＆T outputs of the state-owned enterprises. （3）to promote technological progress. （4）to adjust the constraints in the tax system. （5）to relax the constraints on corporate finance.