CAJ | 학술논문

西方马克思主义科幻批评流派在美国和加拿大兴起至今已有40年，它是西方新马克思主义发展的内在组成部分，体现了新左派思想的深刻文学根源。理解该流派纷纭观点的关键是了解其乌托邦视野，它准确捕捉了科幻对现实说“不”的反抗精神，并起码具有阐释学和文类两种含义。该流派以苏恩文和詹姆逊为代表的乌托邦思想可追溯到布洛赫，主要涉及阐释学意义上乌托邦冲动与乌托邦总体的性质与区别。在乌托邦文类的阐释方面，“中立化”替代了传统的“理想的社会蓝图”的概念，并发展为强调其形式上总体化差异的乌托邦文类辩证法，同时乌托邦写作在19世纪末期发生的科幻转向使其摆脱了单一化乌托邦冲动的质疑。
서방마극사주의과환비평류파재미국화가나대흥기지금이유40년，타시서방신마극사주의발전적내재조성부분，체현료신좌파사상적심각문학근원。리해해류파분운관점적관건시료해기오탁방시야，타준학포착료과환대현실설“불”적반항정신，병기마구유천석학화문류량충함의。해류파이소은문화첨모손위대표적오탁방사상가추소도포락혁，주요섭급천석학의의상오탁방충동여오탁방총체적성질여구별。재오탁방문류적천석방면，“중립화”체대료전통적“이상적사회람도”적개념，병발전위강조기형식상총체화차이적오탁방문류변증법，동시오탁방사작재19세기말기발생적과환전향사기파탈료단일화오탁방충동적질의。
The Marxist Science Fiction （SF） Criticism as an academic school has undergone 40 years＇ development since its emergence in the USA and Canada, and it has been an integral part of the New Marxism, with deep literary concern at the root of the New Left thought. What is critical to understanding the school＇s multifarious arguments is to grasp its ultimate vision of Utopia, which embodies the profound resistance to the reality inherent in SF, and at least means differently in the sense of hermeneutics and literary genre. The school＇s utopian hermeneutics originates from Ernst Bloch and develops mainly through the writings of Darko Suvin and Frederic Jameson, which emphasize the nature of Utopian Impulse and Utopian Totality and their difference. In the interpretation of the Utopian genre, ＂Neutralization＂ replaces the traditional concept of ＂blueprints for an ideal society＂, and further develops into the dialectics of the genre through Jameson, emphasizing its formal nature of totalizing difference. Besides, the Science Fictional turn of the genre in the late 19th century redeems it from the impulses. questioning that it has simplified the diversified utopian