CAJ | 학술논문

特种设备检验体制是特种设备安全监察体制的重要组成部分.现行特种设备检验体制带有较为浓厚的计划经济色彩,市场配置检验资源的基础性作用发挥不够,有效竞争约束机制尚未有效建立,具有深化改革的必要性.当前的特种设备检验体制改革受到多种因素的制约,在不同地区的进展不平衡,在改革的方向和路径上也未形成统一的认识,同时受到利益协调问题的阻碍.从有利于安全发展出发,以检验性质、定位、作用、责任等理论为基础,通过对行政监督、技术服务、产品认证三种不同改革路径进行辨析,本文提出法定检验“一分为二”的改革模式,即企业自检和国家强制性检验分离,同时在设计改革路径时要统筹兼顾改革的重点、力度和节奏,增强改革的科学性和协调性.
특충설비검험체제시특충설비안전감찰체제적중요조성부분.현행특충설비검험체제대유교위농후적계화경제색채,시장배치검험자원적기출성작용발휘불구,유효경쟁약속궤제상미유효건립,구유심화개혁적필요성.당전적특충설비검험체제개혁수도다충인소적제약,재불동지구적진전불평형,재개혁적방향화로경상야미형성통일적인식,동시수도이익협조문제적조애.종유리우안전발전출발,이검험성질、정위、작용、책임등이론위기출,통과대행정감독、기술복무、산품인증삼충불동개혁로경진행변석,본문제출법정검험“일분위이”적개혁모식,즉기업자검화국가강제성검험분리,동시재설계개혁로경시요통주겸고개혁적중점、력도화절주,증강개혁적과학성화협조성.
Special equipment inspection system is an important part of the special equipment safety supervision system.It is now still in a strong color of planned economy with a necessity to be reformed as the role of market to allocate resources has not been played enough and an effective competition system has not been established.Now the reform of special equipment inspection system is restricted by a variety of factors and the progress in different regions is uneven. There is no unified understanding in the direction and path of the reform and it is hindered by the coordination of interests.Starting from the perspective of safety, based on the theory of nature, position, roles and responsibilities of the inspection, through the analysis of administrative supervision, technical service and product certification, this paper proposes a model of ＂one divides into two＂, which means a separation between the self-inspection and the national mandatory inspection.To be more scientific and coordinated,we should pay more attention to the stress,the intensity and the rhythm of the reform.