CAJ | 학술논문

本文从技术差距的视角研究了外资对中国出口产品质量升级的影响。理论层面论证了内外资技术差距对出口产品质量升级可能存在倒u型关系的结论。在经验层面，以修正的出口质量指数衡量出口质量水平，并且选取1992—2012年我国制造业7个代表性行业为研究样本进行实证检验。实证结果表明，我国部分制造业行业确实存在这种倒U型关系；合理的技术差距能够显著地提高出口产品质量；包含加工贸易方式的出口会在一定程度上高估中国出口产品的质量水平，但一般贸易方式下外资仍能显著地提高我国出口产品的质量水平；港澳台外资因技术差距合理，其对出口产品质量的提升效果比欧关外资更明显。基于此，本文提出了相应的政策建议，如引资要充分考虑技术差距的合理性、技术的来源地，适当引导外资与一般贸易方式相结合，加强研发与较高水平人力资本的培育等。
본문종기술차거적시각연구료외자대중국출구산품질량승급적영향。이론층면론증료내외자기술차거대출구산품질량승급가능존재도u형관계적결론。재경험층면，이수정적출구질량지수형량출구질량수평，병차선취1992—2012년아국제조업7개대표성행업위연구양본진행실증검험。실증결과표명，아국부분제조업행업학실존재저충도U형관계；합리적기술차거능구현저지제고출구산품질량；포함가공무역방식적출구회재일정정도상고고중국출구산품적질량수평，단일반무역방식하외자잉능현저지제고아국출구산품적질량수평；항오태외자인기술차거합리，기대출구산품질량적제승효과비구관외자경명현。기우차，본문제출료상응적정책건의，여인자요충분고필기술차거적합이성、기술적래원지，괄당인도외자여일반무역방식상결합，가강연발여교고수평인력자본적배육등。
This paper studies the influence of FDI on China＇ s export product quality upgrading from the technology gap perspective. The theory analysis demonstrates that there may be an inverted U relationship between technology gap and the quality of export products. At the empirical level, the empirical results based on the amended export quality index and seven representative industries samples from 1992 to 2012 show that ：The reasonable technology gap can significantly increase the quality of export products; China＇ s exports containing processing trade would overestimate the quality level of Chinese export products to a certain extent,while general trade could also significantly improve the quality of China＇ s export products; the contributions of FDI from Hongkoug, Macao, and Chinese Taiwan are even bigger than those from the west owing to their more reasonable technology gap. Based on this, this paper presents the corresponding policy recommendations, such as considering the rationality of technology gap and the origin of FDI, combining the FDI with general trade properly,and strengthening the cultivation of R＆D and a higher level of human capital.