CAJ | 학술논문

敦煌石窟中的摩利支天曼荼罗及其造像共有三例，即榆林窟第3窟北壁东侧、东千佛洞第5窟、莫高窟第3窟主尊造像。这些壁画或塑像是根据宋代天息灾译《佛说大摩里支菩萨经》绘制的，与公元9—10世纪印度后期密教的图像及其仪轨在印度的流行有着深刻的关系。研究结果表明，宋代天息灾等印度高僧在中原弘传密教翻译密典，不但给予中原的宋代密教以直接的影响，而且还对西夏时代的敦煌佛教产生了深远的影响。
돈황석굴중적마리지천만도라급기조상공유삼례，즉유림굴제3굴북벽동측、동천불동제5굴、막고굴제3굴주존조상。저사벽화혹소상시근거송대천식재역《불설대마리지보살경》회제적，여공원9—10세기인도후기밀교적도상급기의궤재인도적류행유착심각적관계。연구결과표명，송대천식재등인도고승재중원홍전밀교번역밀전，불단급여중원적송대밀교이직접적영향，이차환대서하시대적돈황불교산생료심원적영향。
There are three examples of the ManrIcI Mandala： one on the east side of the north wall in Yulin Cave 3, one in cave 5 at the Eastern Thousand-Buddha Grottoes, and one in Mogao cave 3. These art-works were executed according to the Sutra of Great ManrIcI Bodldsatt-va translated by Dhannabhadra in the Song dynasty, and were supposed to be closely connected with the popularity of the ninth- to tenth-century Indian tantric images and rituals in China. As the research results indicate, Buddhist masters of India like Dharmabhadra, who were translating and spreading tantric scriptures in the Song dynasty, not only directly influenced the Esoteric Buddhism of the Central Plains in the Song dynasty, but also exerted a far-reaching influence on Buddhism in Dunhuang during the Western Xia dynasty.