CAJ | 학술논문

通过对汶川地震极重灾区的中小学生进行问卷调查，考察其在地震30个月后的创伤后应激障碍、抑郁、学习倦怠和创伤后成长等身心状况。结果发现：（1）震后30个月的中小学生创伤后应激障碍和抑郁情况较为严重，发生率分别达到6．6％和69．5％，女生和高年级学生是其高危人群；（2）学习倦怠总体情况比较轻微，学习的低效能感相对较严重；（3）创伤后成长的程度较高，且性别和年级间差异与创伤后应激障碍相似；（4）创伤后应激障碍、抑郁及学习倦怠等3个消极变量和创伤后成长之间分别为正相关、零相关和零相关。建议心理疏导人员将重心放在降低创伤后应激障碍和抑郁的程度及激发受灾学生的创伤后成长方面，并充分意识到创伤后成长程度较高的学生也有出现心理不良状况的可能性。
통과대문천지진겁중재구적중소학생진행문권조사，고찰기재지진30개월후적창상후응격장애、억욱、학습권태화창상후성장등신심상황。결과발현：（1）진후30개월적중소학생창상후응격장애화억욱정황교위엄중，발생솔분별체도6．6％화69．5％，녀생화고년급학생시기고위인군；（2）학습권태총체정황비교경미，학습적저효능감상대교엄중；（3）창상후성장적정도교고，차성별화년급간차이여창상후응격장애상사；（4）창상후응격장애、억욱급학습권태등3개소겁변량화창상후성장지간분별위정상관、령상관화령상관。건의심리소도인원장중심방재강저창상후응격장애화억욱적정도급격발수재학생적창상후성장방면，병충분의식도창상후성장정도교고적학생야유출현심리불량상황적가능성。
A survey on posttraumatic stress disorder（ PTSD）, depression, learning burnout and posttraumatic growth （PTG） was conducted on primary and secondary school students in the severely-stricken areas of Wenchuan earthquake at 30 months after the earthquake. The results showed that the level of primary and secondary students＇ PTSD and depression were comparatively high, and the prevlence rate is 6.6% and 69.5% respectively, among which girls and high school students were high risk populations. The overall situation of learning burnout was not serious,but their learning self-efficiency was comparatively low. In addition, the level of primary and secondary school students＇ PTG was high, and had the similar difference of sex and grade with PTSD; the relationship between PTSD, depression, learning burnout and PTG are positive, zero and zero respectively. It＇ s suggested that the mental health educators pay more importance attention to reducing students＇ PTSD and depression as well as stimulating students＇ PTG. Meanwhile, they should be fully aware of psychological distress occurred in the students with high levels of PTG.