教育与经济
教育與經濟
교육여경제
Education & Economy
2013年
3期
65~68
,共null页
少子化 生源危机 终身教育
少子化 生源危機 終身教育
소자화 생원위궤 종신교육
the era of low birth rate ; the crisis of enrollment ; lifelong education
美国、日本的高等教育先后于20世纪80年代和90年代经历了少子化时代高等教育适龄人口减少的压力。为此，美国积极开拓“非传统”生源市场，构建灵活的教学管理制度，调整教育结构，适应市场需求，完善政府资助体系，成功化解高校生源危机。而日本没有针对适龄人口下降控制大学数量增长，同时没有切实建立新型的生源市场，陷入私立大学倒闭危机。我国已处于少子化时代，高等学校必须在适龄人口变化中主动求变，多方面化解生源危机，全面提高质量，推动我国高等教育深层次改革。
美國、日本的高等教育先後于20世紀80年代和90年代經歷瞭少子化時代高等教育適齡人口減少的壓力。為此，美國積極開拓“非傳統”生源市場，構建靈活的教學管理製度，調整教育結構，適應市場需求，完善政府資助體繫，成功化解高校生源危機。而日本沒有針對適齡人口下降控製大學數量增長，同時沒有切實建立新型的生源市場，陷入私立大學倒閉危機。我國已處于少子化時代，高等學校必鬚在適齡人口變化中主動求變，多方麵化解生源危機，全麵提高質量，推動我國高等教育深層次改革。
미국、일본적고등교육선후우20세기80년대화90년대경력료소자화시대고등교육괄령인구감소적압력。위차，미국적겁개탁“비전통”생원시장，구건령활적교학관리제도，조정교육결구，괄응시장수구，완선정부자조체계，성공화해고교생원위궤。이일본몰유침대괄령인구하강공제대학수량증장，동시몰유절실건립신형적생원시장，함입사립대학도폐위궤。아국이처우소자화시대，고등학교필수재괄령인구변화중주동구변，다방면화해생원위궤，전면제고질량，추동아국고등교육심층차개혁。
Higher education in the United States, Japan has experienced pressure of reduced population of higher education in the 1980s and 1990s. To this end, the United States has been successfully resolved college students crisis by actively exploring the market of ＂non-traditional＂ students, building a flexible teaching system, adjusting the structure of education, meeting market demand, improving the government-funded system. Japan did not control growth in the number of universities as population decreased while no effectively create a new market of students. Many private universities have been close down. China has been in the era of low birth rate. Colleges must take many ways to resolve crisis, and comprehensively improve the quality as school-age population changes, promoting in-depth reform of higher education.
