CAJ | 학술논문

句法和语义对应的原则是形式语义学中最为重要的原则之一，组合范畴语法CCG更是彻底地延续了这个思想，为自然语言的计算机处理提供了句法和语义的透明接口。汉语的CCG处理在贯彻该原则时产生的问题是：句法方面获得长足进展，而语义方面却相对滞后。以汉语多重介同短语句为例，动词论元的灵活语序现象是句法和语义对应的难点之一。Hoffman提出的多重论元集CCG方法是解决灵活语序的有效手段，但在这种处理方法中，需要找出一些方法来简化形式语义的表述方式，这样才能获得与句法范畴推演相对应的语义类型推演。
구법화어의대응적원칙시형식어의학중최위중요적원칙지일，조합범주어법CCG경시철저지연속료저개사상，위자연어언적계산궤처리제공료구법화어의적투명접구。한어적CCG처리재관철해원칙시산생적문제시：구법방면획득장족진전，이어의방면각상대체후。이한어다중개동단어구위례，동사론원적령활어서현상시구법화어의대응적난점지일。Hoffman제출적다중론원집CCG방법시해결령활어서적유효수단，단재저충처리방법중，수요조출일사방법래간화형식어의적표술방식，저양재능획득여구법범주추연상대응적어의류형추연。
The principle of syntax-semantics correspondence, or the principle of compositionality, is one of the golden rules in the formal treatment of natural language, which is thoroughly embodied in CCG. The common practice of CCG is as follows： in the lexicon of CCG, the basic expressions of NL （natural language） are labeled with an ordered pair of terms, the term of syntactic category and the semantic term. In the process of CCG＇s derivation, the concatenation of NL expressions has been changed into the parallelism of derivation of syntactic category and ）v-calculus. In NL processing, the treatment of CCG constitutes a transparent inter{ace between syntax and semantics of NL, because from the formal semantic point of view, the derivation of syntactic category which represents the syntactic construction of NL and the ）v-calculus which represents the semantic generation of NL by means of providing the indirect model-theoretic interpretations are two sides of the same coin. However, the problem of the CCG approach to Mandarin Chinese under this principle mainly lies in the fact that great progress has been achieved in the treatment of syntax while little progress in the treatment of semantics. Currently, in the CCG＇s studies on Mandarin Chinese, the researchers mainly explore the possibility of more effective and accurate syntactic parsing by means of giving proper syntactic rules and determining categorial assignment for the basic expressions according to their syntactic features. In contrast, whether such syntactic parsing is suitable for semantic representation is not their concern. Considering the close relation between syntax and semantics, the separation of syntactic parsing from semantic representation will decrease remarkably the significance of the syntactic parsing. For instance, the Mandarin Chinese sentence with prepositional phrases is noted for its flexible word order, which constitutes one of the challenges for CCG. As a tentative solution, Hoffman＇s multiset-CCG is introduced, which adheres to the lexicalism and aims at representing the flexible word order in Turkish. The multiset-CCG is featured by the flexible order of application of arguments＇ category, that is, when the functor category is applied to the category of arguments, there is no strict restriction on the order of arguments. The flexible order of arguments＇ category will render multiset-CCG an advantage in representing the flexible word order in Mandarin Chinese. However, the application of multiset-CCG in the treatment of Mandarin Chinese needs the simplified semantic representation in order to achieve the syntax-semantics correspondence. Since the semantic terms written in the style of MG or Event semantics are not easy to be adapted to the multiset-CCO treatment, it is preferable to adopt the basic concepts of Situation Semantics to simplify the semantic representation, a verb will be viewed as the predicate which signifies the relation existing not only between the argument of Agent ~nd of Patient, but also among the arguments of Instrument, and Place and many others. Depending on a Chinese verb＇s syntactic functions, it will be possible to label it with more than one syntactic categories and simplified semantic terms. In this way, the syntax-semantics correspondence can be realized in the application of multiset-CCG in parsing Mandarin Chinese sentences with flexible word order.