心理科学
心理科學
심이과학
Psychological Science
2013年
6期
1328~1332
,共null页
周爱保 朱婧 夏瑞雪 李世峰 徐科朋 张荣华 蔡美君
週愛保 硃婧 夏瑞雪 李世峰 徐科朋 張榮華 蔡美君
주애보 주청 하서설 리세봉 서과붕 장영화 채미군
视觉 触觉 本体感觉 橡胶手错觉 多感觉整合 身体表征
視覺 觸覺 本體感覺 橡膠手錯覺 多感覺整閤 身體錶徵
시각 촉각 본체감각 상효수착각 다감각정합 신체표정
Vision Touch Proprioception rubber-hand illusion multisensory integration body representation
橡胶手错觉是一种能将非自我的肢体感知为自我的肢体的反应。继发现橡胶手错觉现象后,研究者通过操纵自变量以及观测不同的因变量,得到了大量新的研究结果。橡胶手错觉的出现与强度受到时间、空间和手姿势的影响。橡胶手错觉的产生机制为单纯的多感觉整合或多感觉整合与身体表征共同作用的结果。未来研究侧重于被试取样、研究策略以及医学领域中瘫痪患者的认知神经康复和截肢病人的假肢控制方面。
橡膠手錯覺是一種能將非自我的肢體感知為自我的肢體的反應。繼髮現橡膠手錯覺現象後,研究者通過操縱自變量以及觀測不同的因變量,得到瞭大量新的研究結果。橡膠手錯覺的齣現與彊度受到時間、空間和手姿勢的影響。橡膠手錯覺的產生機製為單純的多感覺整閤或多感覺整閤與身體錶徵共同作用的結果。未來研究側重于被試取樣、研究策略以及醫學領域中癱瘓患者的認知神經康複和截肢病人的假肢控製方麵。
상효수착각시일충능장비자아적지체감지위자아적지체적반응。계발현상효수착각현상후,연구자통과조종자변량이급관측불동적인변량,득도료대량신적연구결과。상효수착각적출현여강도수도시간、공간화수자세적영향。상효수착각적산생궤제위단순적다감각정합혹다감각정합여신체표정공동작용적결과。미래연구측중우피시취양、연구책략이급의학영역중탄탄환자적인지신경강복화절지병인적가지공제방면。
The ‘rubber hand illusion’ is a perceptual phenomenon. In 1998 Botvinick and Cohen provided the first description of the rubber hand illusion. In the classical RHI experiment the subjects was seated with their left arm rested on the table. A standing screen was positioned beside the arm to hide it from the subject’s view while a realistic life-sized rubber hand was placed in front of the subject. The subjects’ eyes fixed on the artificial hand while experimenter used two small paintbrushes to stroke the rubber hand and the subject’s hidden hand, synchronizing timing as closely as possible. After a short period, subjects completed a two-part questionnaire and proprioceptive drift measure. (The result showed that)Subjects reported feeling a sense of ownership of the rubber hand and proprioceptive drift towards the rubber hand. Subsequent experiments have been done by researchers after the classical RHI experiment. The materials, stimuli presentation, participants selection and other aspects of the experiment have been improved in different ways. The change of the classical experiment resulted in a tremendous new findings. The mechanism of the RHI still needs more research. What we know is that there are two possible explanations on the RHI. First one involved the pure multisensory integration. Many researchers think that the rubber hand illusion reflected a three-way interaction between vision, touch, and proprioception. Second one considered the RHI is modulated by top-down influences originating from the representation of one’s own body and bottom-up processes of multisensory integration. Evidences suggested that RHI can be influenced by many factors. Firstly, the “spatial limits” is an important phenomenon in the RHI. If the distance between the rubber hand and the participant’s own hand was too larger, the strength of the rubber hand illusion was signi?cantly reduced. Secondly, the occurrence of RHI is affected by anatomical and postural constrains. If the dummy hand was placed in an anatomically implausible position, the RHI effects are abolished. The extent of the RHI depends on the alignment between the actual position of the subject’s hand and the seen position of the dummy hand. Thirdly, many studies showed that the spatiotemporal pattern of stimulation influences the RHI. The necessary condition for the inducement of the illusion is the presence of synchronized and spatially congruent visual and tactile stimulation. This illusion does not occur when the rubber hand is stroked asynchronously with respect to the participant's own hand. The future research should stress in the participant selection, research strategy, self explore and will probably have many important clinical applications, and for example, using a modi?ed version of the rubber hand illusion can not only promote the amputation patients to integrate artificial limb into the body schema, but also help consciousness to control and manipulate prosthetic. The rubber hand illusions will promote paralysis patients and stroke patient's physical and cognitive rehabilitation.