CAJ | 학술논문

是风险规避还是后悔规避左右人们的冒险行为？长期以来研究者对此各持己见。本研究假设：并非所有风险对人生而相同，决策者是规避风险或规避后悔具有领域特异性。研究调查了赌城澳门有涉赌经验居民参与多种博彩的次数，发现个体的参赌原因具有领域特异性。这说明风险规避说或后悔规避说都不能单独解释人们的风险决策倾向，个体是风险规避或后悔规避，抑或两者都有，取决于其所处的风险情境。研究有助于加深对风险行为特征的认识，可为预防及应对问题赌博提供有益启发和指导。
시풍험규피환시후회규피좌우인문적모험행위？장기이래연구자대차각지기견。본연구가설：병비소유풍험대인생이상동，결책자시규피풍험혹규피후회구유영역특이성。연구조사료도성오문유섭도경험거민삼여다충박채적차수，발현개체적삼도원인구유영역특이성。저설명풍험규피설혹후회규피설도불능단독해석인문적풍험결책경향，개체시풍험규피혹후회규피，억혹량자도유，취결우기소처적풍험정경。연구유조우가심대풍험행위특정적인식，가위예방급응대문제도박제공유익계발화지도。
What makes people shy away from risk ： risk aversion or regret aversion？ Several studies have revealed that people prefer risk - minimizing options based on their risk perception. In contrast, regret theory suggests that people prefer regret - minimizing options based on their regret emotion. However, current empirical evidence remains mixed. Based on this perspective, we propose that the rea- sons of people＇ s risk behavior are also domain - specific ： whether decision makers are risk aversion or regret aversion depends on the specific risk domains. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the gambling behaviors of 370 local adult residents who had gambling - experience in Macau, the largest casino city in the world. We developed a questionnaire assessing their gambling behaviors, risk per- eeptions and anticipated regret on thirteen types of popular gambling in Macau. Our results showed that the predicting effects of risk per- ception and anticipated regret on gambling behavior were domain - specific, and this effect was moderated by gambling types. Partici- pants have not shown themselves to be consistently risk averse or regret averse across different gambling types. In the first category do- main which included Baccarat and Greyhound Racing, both risk aversion and regret aversion worked together to lower participants＇ gam- bling frequency. In the second domain of Roulette and Stud Poker, it was risk aversion that was predictive to participants＇ unwillingness to bet. In the third domain which included Mahjong and Paikao, it was regret aversion that was responsible for the lower gambling fre- quency. In the fourth domain of Fantan, Cussec, Horse Racing, Chinese Lottery, Football Lottery, Blackjack, Slot Machines, neither risk aversion nor regret aversion was responsible for participants＇ unwillingness to bet. Our findings indicated that neither risk aversion, nor regret aversion can uniquely explain an individual＇ s risk - taking behavior consistently. Instead, which factor plays a greater role in lowering gambling frequency--regret aversion, risk aversion, or both--is itself dependent upon the type of gambling involved. Our find- ings were consistent with prior studies and the statistical data of gross revenue from different gaming activities in Macau. These findings hinted that other factors, e.g. , personality, decision styles, knowledge of gambling rules may be combined with risk aversion or regret aversion influencing people＇ s gambling behaviors. Practical applications for problem gambling prevention and advertising appeal were given by providing a basis for understanding the role that cognitive and emotional factors play in different types of gambling.