CAJ | 학술논문

传统的内隐学习研究范式大多致力于意识与无意识加工的操作性分离。随着学习任务和测量手段的改进，越来越多的研究发现量化渐变比二元分离能更好地兼容实验数据。本文对认知领域中与二分和渐进两种取向相关的理论框架和实证研究进行介绍和评价，指出意识的二分与渐进假设是源自不同的概念定义层次的理论框架，即功能性概念和解释性概念，因而对现象学数据具有不同的解释效力。它们的共存提供了不同的研究视角，丰富了我们对内隐学习活动的认识。
전통적내은학습연구범식대다치력우의식여무의식가공적조작성분리。수착학습임무화측량수단적개진，월래월다적연구발현양화점변비이원분리능경호지겸용실험수거。본문대인지영역중여이분화점진량충취향상관적이론광가화실증연구진행개소화평개，지출의식적이분여점진가설시원자불동적개념정의층차적이론광가，즉공능성개념화해석성개념，인이대현상학수거구유불동적해석효력。타문적공존제공료불동적연구시각，봉부료아문대내은학습활동적인식。
Research on implicit learning concerns mainly whether the acquired knowledge can be processed consciously, whereas traditional paradigms substantially devote to operationalization of dissociation of conscious and unconscious processes. With the improvement of empirical tasks and measures, more and more researches have revealed the inability to obtain pure dissociation ; and quantitative gradation, rather than qualitative dichotomy, appears to be more compatible with the empirical data. The phenomenology of selective compatibility reflects two different theoretical orientations on the conceptualization of consciousness in implicit learning research ： dichotomy and gradation. In this article, the main theoretical frameworks and empirical research in cognitive science concerning the two orientations are introduced. As for the dichotomy framework, Global Workspace Theory appears to provide crucial theoretical guidance for research in cognitive science, such as perception processing and implicit memory. It has also brought about considerable success in computational modeling. However, with measures of consciousness being more and more sensitive, the formerly assumed dichotomy system now suffers from a failure to yield pure dissociations. Graded framework appears to have stronger explanatory power, as a result of which a shift in theoretical orientation has emerged. The distributional representation theory and fringe consciousness theory have elaborated on two criti- cal issues in consciousness research： what is the global mental structure for consciousness and how conscious experiences arise. The dis- tributional representation framework points out that for a representation to be consciously processed, it must have high - standard quality which can only be formed with a substantial accumulation of time in learning activities. Hence the ever - improving representations yield a demand of conscious processing along a graded scale. Otherwise the fringe ~-onsciousness theory puts emphasis on conscious experi- ences characteristic of implicit learning. Conscious experience, or metacognifive feeling, concerns the subject experience consciously acquired in implicit learning, while the antecedent of the experience is absent from awareness. Conscious experience indicates an inter- mediate state in the consciousness continuum, which has obtained substantial empirical support in recent research. It is concluded that, through an integrative analysis of the two frameworks, the dichotomous and graded hypotheses about con- sciousness are by no means contradictory. Chances are that they originate from different conceptualization level, i. e. , functional con- cept and explanatory concept. A function -level conceptualization simply provides some detailed mechanism that could account for the specific function, while an explanation - level conceptualization exhibits a global structure that underlies such mechanisms as adopted at the functional level. So it is reasonable to deduce that conception frameworks at the two levels exert different explanatory power on phe- nomenological data. Obviously, the dichotomy framework mainly features function - level conceptualization and the gradation framework adheres to explanation -level conceptualization. Therefore, the plight arising from the dichotomy logic, especially the difficulty to get pure dissociation in traditional research, is now expected to be broken within ：he graded consciousness framework. However, the co - existence of the two theoretical orientations provides us with different perspectives to enrich our knowledge about implicit learning; and, once effectively integrated in implicit researches, the two theoretical frameworks would shed light on a more significant understanding of consciousness.