CAJ | 학술논문

目前关于智慧城市的研究主要集中于积极推进智慧城市建设,很少有研究关注智慧城市可能存在的风险.智慧城市建设风险是指智慧城市建设的整个生命周期中某一特定环境下某种损失发生的可能性.本文基于阶段分析法,具体分析了智慧城市建设在规划设计阶段、开发建设阶段以及运营维护阶段所面临的不同风险因素和风险事件.其中,规划设计阶段主要包括信任和需求不足、目标可行性、战略趋同性和规划可持续性等风险因素;开发建设阶段的风险包括技术、人员、经济、管理和社会环境等核心要素投入不足;运营维护阶段主要面临两大类型的风险,一是各个子系统正常运作的风险,特别是核心技术的可靠性和安全性风险,二是衍生出新的城市问题的风险,包括城市经济、社会、政治、文化、生态等风险.为有效应对智慧城市建设不同阶段的风险,首先需要明确智慧城市建设需求和目标,科学规划;其次需要保证充足的要素投入,科学管理;最后需要保障信息系统安全,全面推进智慧城市社会建设.
목전관우지혜성시적연구주요집중우적겁추진지혜성시건설,흔소유연구관주지혜성시가능존재적풍험.지혜성시건설풍험시지지혜성시건설적정개생명주기중모일특정배경하모충손실발생적가능성.본문기우계단분석법,구체분석료지혜성시건설재규화설계계단、개발건설계단이급운영유호계단소면림적불동풍험인소화풍험사건.기중,규화설계계단주요포괄신임화수구불족、목표가행성、전략추동성화규화가지속성등풍험인소;개발건설계단적풍험포괄기술、인원、경제、관리화사회배경등핵심요소투입불족;운영유호계단주요면림량대류형적풍험,일시각개자계통정상운작적풍험,특별시핵심기술적가고성화안전성풍험,이시연생출신적성시문제적풍험,포괄성시경제、사회、정치、문화、생태등풍험.위유효응대지혜성시건설불동계단적풍험,수선수요명학지혜성시건설수구화목표,과학규화;기차수요보증충족적요소투입,과학관리;최후수요보장신식계통안전,전면추진지혜성시사회건설.
The studies on smart cities in China usually focus on how to promote smart city construction,whereas they seldom pay attention to possible negative effects of smart city construction.The risk of smart city construction refers to some possible losses in smart city construction through its life cycle under a certain environment.First,the life cycle of smart city construction is divided into three primary stages in this study,that is,planning ＆ design stage,development ＆ construction stage,and operation ＆ maintenance stage.Second,various risk factors and risk events embedded into smart city construction during three different phases are investigated elaborately.Specifically,the risk factors in the planning ＆ design stage include the deficiency of demand and trust,the feasibility of strategic target,the strategic convergence and the planning non-sustainability.The risk factors in development ＆ construction stage consist of the deficiency of such core elements as technology,personnel,economics,management and social environment.Moreover,there are two typical kinds of risk in operation ＆ maintenance stage.The risk factors in this stage mainly consist of the risk of smart city subsystem cooperation like the reliability and the safety of core technologies as well as emerging urban problems that smart city brings about in economic,social,political,cultural,and ecological fields.Accordingly,some policy implications are proposed for the sake of risk prevention in smart city construction.First,the vision,objectives,and construction procedure of smart city need to be redesigned precisely.Second,all kinds of product factors should be invested richly and managed effectively.Third,the safety of information system in smart city needs to be paid more attention in a comprehensive way.Last,the social construction accompanying with smart city construction needs to be advanced accordingly.