青海民族研究
青海民族研究
청해민족연구
Nationalities Research In Qinghai
2013年
4期
107~111
,共null页
章嘉呼图克图 达赖喇嘛 互为师徒
章嘉呼圖剋圖 達賴喇嘛 互為師徒
장가호도극도 체뢰나마 호위사도
Changkya Khutukhtu; Dalai Lama; Master and Apprentice
历史上,藏传佛教格鲁派“四圣”之中,前藏甘丹颇章的达赖喇嘛与后藏喇章坚参吞波的班禅额尔德尼两大政教领袖历辈互为师徒较广为人知.事实上,历辈达赖喇嘛与国师章嘉呼图克图之间也拥有互为师徒的关系.根据相关记载,历辈达赖喇嘛与章嘉呼图克图之间的师徒关系始于五世达赖喇嘛认证一世章嘉为其上师帕邦喀巴·班觉伦珠的转世.此后,彼此曾持续在对方灵童之寻访、认证、坐床、授戒、学经、选任摄政……等重要事件中扮演重要角色.直到清末,六世章嘉呼图克图圆寂后,嵩祝寺僧人还远道赴藏请示灵童转世事宜.两位大师关系之密切,及其对藏传佛教世界政教事务的影响,并不亚于达赖与班禅.
歷史上,藏傳彿教格魯派“四聖”之中,前藏甘丹頗章的達賴喇嘛與後藏喇章堅參吞波的班禪額爾德尼兩大政教領袖歷輩互為師徒較廣為人知.事實上,歷輩達賴喇嘛與國師章嘉呼圖剋圖之間也擁有互為師徒的關繫.根據相關記載,歷輩達賴喇嘛與章嘉呼圖剋圖之間的師徒關繫始于五世達賴喇嘛認證一世章嘉為其上師帕邦喀巴·班覺倫珠的轉世.此後,彼此曾持續在對方靈童之尋訪、認證、坐床、授戒、學經、選任攝政……等重要事件中扮縯重要角色.直到清末,六世章嘉呼圖剋圖圓寂後,嵩祝寺僧人還遠道赴藏請示靈童轉世事宜.兩位大師關繫之密切,及其對藏傳彿教世界政教事務的影響,併不亞于達賴與班禪.
역사상,장전불교격로파“사골”지중,전장감단파장적체뢰나마여후장나장견삼탄파적반선액이덕니량대정교령수력배호위사도교엄위인지.사실상,력배체뢰나마여국사장가호도극도지간야옹유호위사도적관계.근거상관기재,력배체뢰나마여장가호도극도지간적사도관계시우오세체뢰나마인증일세장가위기상사파방객파·반각륜주적전세.차후,피차증지속재대방령동지심방、인증、좌상、수계、학경、선임섭정……등중요사건중분연중요각색.직도청말,륙세장가호도극도원적후,숭축사승인환원도부장청시령동전세사의.량위대사관계지밀절,급기대장전불교세계정교사무적영향,병불아우체뢰여반선.
In history , among "four Holies" of Gelug , Dalai Lama in palace of Gandan Pozhang in front Tibetan and Panchen Lama of Lazhang Jiancantunbo in Tsang were in the relationship of masters and apprentices. In reality , there was a master and apprentice relationship between Changkya Khutukhtu and Dalai Lama, too. According to records, the relationship started in the time when the fifth Dalai Lama identified the first ZHangjia as the reincarnation of his guru Paibangkaba Banjuelunzhu. From then on, they greatly influenced each other on the seeking of reincarnation, identification, enthronement, receiving precepts, learning sutras and selecting regencies. Till the Parinirvana of the sixth Changkya Khutukhtu in late Qing Dynasty, Buddhists of Songzhu temple went a long way to Tibetan to ask for instructions about reincarnation. The close relationship between two masters had a deep impact on matters of Tibetan Buddhism and that was not less than the relationship between Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama.