CAJ | 학술논문

通常把测验中共用同一刺激的项目集合称为题组，并把由共同刺激引起的题组项目反应间的相依性称为题组效应。本文首先分别对题组、局部独立性和局部依赖性的概念进行了介绍和梳理，并结合前人研究给出了题组效应的概念。之后在阐明直接使用标准项目反应模型去拟合题组反应数据会导致参数估计偏差等诸多问题后，引出能更好地处理题组效应的题组反应模型。全文详细介绍了包括高阶题组模型和多水平题组模型在内的6种题组反应模型，通过对“如何理解题组反应模型中的区分度参数”和“题组反应模型与多维项目反应模型的关系”两问题的探讨，认为：（1）题组反应模型与标准项目反应模型中的区分度参数含义并不相同，直接将两者进行对比是不合理的；（2）题组反应模型属于广义多维项目反应模型，与狭义多维项目反应模型的主要区别在于满足广义局部独立性假设时所需要控制的潜因素不同。
통상파측험중공용동일자격적항목집합칭위제조，병파유공동자격인기적제조항목반응간적상의성칭위제조효응。본문수선분별대제조、국부독립성화국부의뢰성적개념진행료개소화소리，병결합전인연구급출료제조효응적개념。지후재천명직접사용표준항목반응모형거의합제조반응수거회도치삼수고계편차등제다문제후，인출능경호지처리제조효응적제조반응모형。전문상세개소료포괄고계제조모형화다수평제조모형재내적6충제조반응모형，통과대“여하리해제조반응모형중적구분도삼수”화“제조반응모형여다유항목반응모형적관계”량문제적탐토，인위：（1）제조반응모형여표준항목반응모형중적구분도삼수함의병불상동，직접장량자진행대비시불합리적；（2）제조반응모형속우엄의다유항목반응모형，여협의다유항목반응모형적주요구별재우만족엄의국부독립성가설시소수요공제적잠인소불동。
A testlet is a cluster of items that share a common passage, stimulus, or other context, and the dependence between testier-based item responses that caused by the common stimulus called testlet effect. This article introduced and combed the concepts of testlet, local independence and local dependence, and proposed the concepts of testlet effect in accordance with previous research. Applying standard item response models to testlet responses leaded to many problems such as biased parameter estimation and overestimation of test reliability, hence, testlet response model was introduced to deal with testlet effect better. 6 testlet response models were described in detail including Higher-order testlet model and Multilevel testlet model, and two issues were discussed：（a） the connotation of slope parameter in testlet response model is different from that in standard item response theory which is inappropriate to contrast the two directly; （b） testlet response model belongs to general multidimensional item response model and the main distinction with special multidimensional item response model is the latent factors needed to control to satisfy general local dependence hypothesis.