武汉理工大学学报：社会科学版
武漢理工大學學報：社會科學版
무한리공대학학보：사회과학판
Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Social Science Edition)
2013年
6期
1032~1035
,共null页
儒家伦理 知耻 上勇 勇德
儒傢倫理 知恥 上勇 勇德
유가윤리 지치 상용 용덕
Confucian ethics ; sense of shame ; superior courage ; heroic character
以先秦儒家伦理的经典书目为依托,考察“勇”概念的辩证脉络及伦理意涵.相对于古希腊伦理中的“智”、“公”、“节”、“勇”四德,先秦儒家将“知”、“仁”、“勇”并称为三德,其中“勇”具有“无惧”和“知耻”两个特征,“勇”的层级亦分为“上勇”、“中勇”与“下勇”,“勇”的意涵也以“勇德”为贵,“勇气”次之,“勇力”为轻依次呈现.“勇”之所以被先秦儒家称为德,是因为它是在仁爱信念的驱动下体现出的一种无惧、知耻、合义、达礼且好学的中庸之道.
以先秦儒傢倫理的經典書目為依託,攷察“勇”概唸的辯證脈絡及倫理意涵.相對于古希臘倫理中的“智”、“公”、“節”、“勇”四德,先秦儒傢將“知”、“仁”、“勇”併稱為三德,其中“勇”具有“無懼”和“知恥”兩箇特徵,“勇”的層級亦分為“上勇”、“中勇”與“下勇”,“勇”的意涵也以“勇德”為貴,“勇氣”次之,“勇力”為輕依次呈現.“勇”之所以被先秦儒傢稱為德,是因為它是在仁愛信唸的驅動下體現齣的一種無懼、知恥、閤義、達禮且好學的中庸之道.
이선진유가윤리적경전서목위의탁,고찰“용”개념적변증맥락급윤리의함.상대우고희석윤리중적“지”、“공”、“절”、“용”사덕,선진유가장“지”、“인”、“용”병칭위삼덕,기중“용”구유“무구”화“지치”량개특정,“용”적층급역분위“상용”、“중용”여“하용”,“용”적의함야이“용덕”위귀,“용기”차지,“용력”위경의차정현.“용”지소이피선진유가칭위덕,시인위타시재인애신념적구동하체현출적일충무구、지치、합의、체례차호학적중용지도.
Based on the classics of Pre-Qin Confucian ethics, the article examines the ethical implications and dialectic context of the concept of ＂Courage＂. Compared with the Four Virtue of Ancient Greece ＂Wisdom＂, ＂Fairness＂, ＂Thrift＂, ＂Courage＂, Pre-Qin Confucian in ancient China considered ＂Wisdom＂,＂Benevolence＂ and ＂Courage＂ as the Three Virtue, among them , ＂Courage＂ bore two characteristics of ＂fearlessness＂ and shame .And the connotation of ＂Courage＂ was divided into ＂ ＇ ,, , superior courage＂ , ＂secondary courage＂ , ＂inferior courage＂, the meanings of ＂Courage＂ put ＂heroic character＂ first,＂fortitude＂ second, ＂prowess＂ last. The reason why ＂Courage＂ was conmdered as virtue by the Pre-Qin Confucianism is that ＂Courage＂ manifested ＂the Golden Mean＂ of ＂fearlessness＂,＂ashamed- ness＂,＂morality＂,＂ritual meaning＂ under Benevolence belief driver.
