知识产权
知識產權
지식산권
Intellectual Property
2014年
1期
88~94
,共null页
《数字千禧年版权法》 避风港原则 红旗标准 过错责任
《數字韆禧年版權法》 避風港原則 紅旂標準 過錯責任
《수자천희년판권법》 피풍항원칙 홍기표준 과착책임
DMCA; ＂safe harbor＂ provision; ＂red flag＂ test; fault liability
Viacom案最新判决进一步阐明DMCA对网络服务商“事实上明知或意识到”和“对显而易见的侵权行为故意视而不见”两种过错判断标准，前者构成故意，后者构成重大过失；二者虽法律后果相当，但在规则的内在逻辑和适用条件、证明内容和举证责任分配等方面存在显著差异。该判决对避风港原则和红旗标准细致、全面、深入的分析，表明美国网络服务商版权侵权以过错责任为原则，以推定过错为例外，体现美国立法和司法机构力求实现对参与网络活动各方利益的协调和平衡。我国《著作权法》修改草案二稿第69条应借鉴此行之有效的过错标准。
Viacom案最新判決進一步闡明DMCA對網絡服務商“事實上明知或意識到”和“對顯而易見的侵權行為故意視而不見”兩種過錯判斷標準，前者構成故意，後者構成重大過失；二者雖法律後果相噹，但在規則的內在邏輯和適用條件、證明內容和舉證責任分配等方麵存在顯著差異。該判決對避風港原則和紅旂標準細緻、全麵、深入的分析，錶明美國網絡服務商版權侵權以過錯責任為原則，以推定過錯為例外，體現美國立法和司法機構力求實現對參與網絡活動各方利益的協調和平衡。我國《著作權法》脩改草案二稿第69條應藉鑒此行之有效的過錯標準。
Viacom안최신판결진일보천명DMCA대망락복무상“사실상명지혹의식도”화“대현이역견적침권행위고의시이불견”량충과착판단표준，전자구성고의，후자구성중대과실；이자수법률후과상당，단재규칙적내재라집화괄용조건、증명내용화거증책임분배등방면존재현저차이。해판결대피풍항원칙화홍기표준세치、전면、심입적분석，표명미국망락복무상판권침권이과착책임위원칙，이추정과착위예외，체현미국입법화사법궤구력구실현대삼여망락활동각방이익적협조화평형。아국《저작권법》수개초안이고제69조응차감차행지유효적과착표준。
The-latest judgment on Viacom v. YouTube further clarifies the standards on ISP＇s ＂actual knowledge＂ which constitutes intention and ＂willful blindness to apparent infringement＂ which constitutes gross negligence. The consequences of two kinds of fault are the same, although there are several significant differences between them, such as internal logic, applicable conditions, the distribution of the burden of proof, and so on. The judgment analyzes the ＂safe harbor＂ provision and the ＂red flag＂ test comprehensively and thoroughly, and it can be concluded that the principle oflSP＇s liability for copyright infringement is fault liability, with the constructive fault as exception in US, which reflects US legislative and judicial institutions strive to achieve the interest-balance between online-participants. This Standards, proved effectively, should be drown by the Amendments A.69, the Draft II of Copyright Law of PRC, with adding one paragraph on ＂identifying infringers-liability＂.
