经济经纬
經濟經緯
경제경위
Economic Survey
2014年
1期
32~37
,共null页
二元经济 刘易斯拐点 农村空心化 劳动力 资本
二元經濟 劉易斯枴點 農村空心化 勞動力 資本
이원경제 류역사괴점 농촌공심화 노동력 자본
Dual Economy; Lewis Turning Point; Rural Hollowing; Labor Force; Capital
中国现代部门的工资决定已经摆脱了传统部门保留工资的约束。依据刘易斯二元经济模型,中国的刘易斯拐点已经到来,但中国传统部门和现代部门并存的二元经济格局依然存在,刘易斯拐点之后,城市对农村劳动力过度吸纳导致的农村空心化成为二元经济的最主要表征。治理农村空心化就是逐步消除经济二元性,应剥离土地的社会功能,使农业转变成利润导向性产业,使再生产性资本能够在农业或农村寻找到足够的经济机会,改造传统农业,引入农业新技术和新的生产要素,培育农村经济组织,丰富农业经济和农村经济内涵,使农业劳动力配置摆脱耕作经验的硬约束,从而打破劳动力从农村向城市单向流动的格局。
中國現代部門的工資決定已經襬脫瞭傳統部門保留工資的約束。依據劉易斯二元經濟模型,中國的劉易斯枴點已經到來,但中國傳統部門和現代部門併存的二元經濟格跼依然存在,劉易斯枴點之後,城市對農村勞動力過度吸納導緻的農村空心化成為二元經濟的最主要錶徵。治理農村空心化就是逐步消除經濟二元性,應剝離土地的社會功能,使農業轉變成利潤導嚮性產業,使再生產性資本能夠在農業或農村尋找到足夠的經濟機會,改造傳統農業,引入農業新技術和新的生產要素,培育農村經濟組織,豐富農業經濟和農村經濟內涵,使農業勞動力配置襬脫耕作經驗的硬約束,從而打破勞動力從農村嚮城市單嚮流動的格跼。
중국현대부문적공자결정이경파탈료전통부문보류공자적약속。의거류역사이원경제모형,중국적류역사괴점이경도래,단중국전통부문화현대부문병존적이원경제격국의연존재,류역사괴점지후,성시대농촌노동력과도흡납도치적농촌공심화성위이원경제적최주요표정。치리농촌공심화취시축보소제경제이원성,응박리토지적사회공능,사농업전변성리윤도향성산업,사재생산성자본능구재농업혹농촌심조도족구적경제궤회,개조전통농업,인입농업신기술화신적생산요소,배육농촌경제조직,봉부농업경제화농촌경제내함,사농업노동력배치파탈경작경험적경약속,종이타파노동력종농촌향성시단향류동적격국。
China modern sector salary decision has got rid of the reservation wage restraint of traditional sector. Therefore, according to Lewis' dual economy model, the Lewis turning point has come to China. The dual economy, however, still continue, with traditional sector and modern sector coexisting. After the Lewis turning point, the rural hollowing is its characterization, which is caused by the city' s excessive absorbing of the rural labors. To manage the rural hollowing, we should gradually eliminate the economic duality, strip the social function of farmland, turn agriculture into profit-oriented industry, create enough economic opportunity for the reproduction capital, transform traditional agriculture, introduce new agriculture technology and the new factor of production, breed rural economic organization, enrich both agricultural and rural economy, make agricultural labor force allocation detach the farming experience hard constraints, and finally break the unidirectional flow pattern of the labors from the countryside to the city.