CAJ | 학술논문

学生发展指导发展至今已有100多年，在经历了职业指导、适应性指导、发展性指导、全面推广四个发展阶段之后，世界很多国家和地区都建立了较为成熟的学生发展指导模式，并呈现出不同的特点。本文以个体发展理论、生态系统理论、积极心理学为指导，在国外典型模式和国内学生指导现状的基础上，提出了适合我国的“5L＆5S”高中生三级发展指导模式，该模式阐述了基于关系系统的理论基础以及指导地位、指导重心、指导对象、指导人员、指导内容、指导模式、指导范围、指导依据等八个方面的理念转变，建立了适合高中的发展指导制度、机构和机制，并且，提出了品德、心理、学业、生涯、生活五个全面而有层次的指导内容，针对学生不同需求的三级指导模式以及具体可操作的五步骤发展指导过程，旨在促进全体学生健康而有个性的成长。
학생발전지도발전지금이유100다년，재경력료직업지도、괄응성지도、발전성지도、전면추엄사개발전계단지후，세계흔다국가화지구도건립료교위성숙적학생발전지도모식，병정현출불동적특점。본문이개체발전이론、생태계통이론、적겁심이학위지도，재국외전형모식화국내학생지도현상적기출상，제출료괄합아국적“5L＆5S”고중생삼급발전지도모식，해모식천술료기우관계계통적이론기출이급지도지위、지도중심、지도대상、지도인원、지도내용、지도모식、지도범위、지도의거등팔개방면적이념전변，건립료괄합고중적발전지도제도、궤구화궤제，병차，제출료품덕、심리、학업、생애、생활오개전면이유층차적지도내용，침대학생불동수구적삼급지도모식이급구체가조작적오보취발전지도과정，지재촉진전체학생건강이유개성적성장。
Student developmental guidance has been developed for more than 100 years. After the four periods of career guidance, adaptive guidance, developmental guidance and comprehensive promotion, mature patterns of student developmen-tal guidance are built and present different characteristics across the world. According to the theory of individual develop- ment, ecological system theory and positive psychology, this paper puts forward the ＂5L ＆ 5S＂ three-level high school students＇ developmental guidance program on foreign typical models and current situation of students＇ guidance in China. ＂5L ＆ 5S＂ program based on the theory of relationship system expounds the changes of eight concepts： guiding position, importance, object, staff, content, model, scope, basis which differently with the past, builds the system, institutions and mechanisms of developmental guidance which is suitable for high school. Meanwhile, aimed at promoting the healthy and personal growth of the students, comprehensive and hierarchical guidance content of morality, psychology, academic, career and life five aspects, three-level developmental guidance which is directed at different needs of students, specific and operable process of developmental guidance are established.