CAJ | 학술논문

财政投入是我国林业投资中的重要构成，充分有效的财政投入能够保证林业的长期健康发展。改革开放以来，在中央和地方财政及林业部门的共同努力下，我国林业财政政策基本框架体系已日臻完善，逐步建立起了包括良种、育苗、造林、抚育等环节以及保护、恢复、利用各方面的政策支持体系。梳理这些政策的发展演变、运行效果和得失利弊对于进一步完善财政林业政策的顶层设计，强化国家和地方财政对林业的投入力度，推动生态文明建设具有重要意义。文章系统回顾了改革开放以来我国林业财政投入的制度变迁，分析了林业财政投入取得的效果和存在的问题，并从历史中寻求相应的经验与教训，在此基础上提出了将林业财政投资分为林业工程和非工程投资、强化林业基础设施建设、增加林业科研和林业技术推广投入、增加财政对集体林农民专业合作社、森林资源管护和造林等补贴、逐步将国有林场和自然保护区等有关单位纳入财政预算体系等政策建议。
재정투입시아국임업투자중적중요구성，충분유효적재정투입능구보증임업적장기건강발전。개혁개방이래，재중앙화지방재정급임업부문적공동노력하，아국임업재정정책기본광가체계이일진완선，축보건립기료포괄량충、육묘、조림、무육등배절이급보호、회복、이용각방면적정책지지체계。소리저사정책적발전연변、운행효과화득실리폐대우진일보완선재정임업정책적정층설계，강화국가화지방재정대임업적투입력도，추동생태문명건설구유중요의의。문장계통회고료개혁개방이래아국임업재정투입적제도변천，분석료임업재정투입취득적효과화존재적문제，병종역사중심구상응적경험여교훈，재차기출상제출료장임업재정투자분위임업공정화비공정투자、강화임업기출설시건설、증가임업과연화임업기술추엄투입、증가재정대집체임농민전업합작사、삼림자원관호화조림등보첩、축보장국유림장화자연보호구등유관단위납입재정예산체계등정책건의。
Financial investment played an important role in forestry investment. Adequate and effective financial in- vestment could ensure the long-term healthy development of forestry. Since the reform and opening-up, in the joint efforts of the central and local governments, the policy support system of seedling, planting, tending, protection, restoration and using of forests has been established. Combing the evolution and operation effect of these policies has great significance for designing fiscal policy of forestry, increasing forestry investment and promoting the construction of ecological civilization. This paper reviewed the institutional changes of China＇ s financial investment in forestry since the reform and opening up, and analyzed the effects and problems of financial investment. By seeking the appropriate experiences and lessons fi＇om history, we also offer some suggestions for future financial investment in forestry, such as forestry fiscal investment can be divided into forestry engineering and non-engineering, strengthening the infrastructure of forestry investment, more input into forestry research and forestry technology popularization, increase fiscal on collective forest farmers＇ professional co-operatives, the management of forest resources and afforestation and other subsidies, state-owned forest farms and nature reserves and other relevant units will be included in the budget system.