CAJ | 학술논문

海伦·文德勒被公认为是一位成就卓著的诗歌评论家、美国文学批评界的领军人物。文德勒教授自1980年起在哈佛大学英语系任教，兼任美国艺术与科学研究院院士，2004年被美国国家人又基金会授予象征美国联邦政府最高人文成就荣誉的“杰斐逊讲席”。2013年10月，杭州师范大学教授马弦博士受《外国文学研究》委托，在哈佛大学英语系访问研究期间通过电子邮件对文德勒教授进行了采访。访谈主要围绕文德勒教授作为一位杰出诗歌评论家的学术生涯、诗歌批评理念与批评方法展开讨论，涉及多方面的话题，包括莎士比亚十四行诗的艺术、华莱士·史蒂文斯的诗歌中虚假和真实的崇高、诗歌与绘画的关系，读者与诗歌的关系以及文学批评与教学的关系等。在谈及对于目前流行的各种又学理论的看法时，文德勒主张在文学研究中不宜采用暂时流行的辞藻、重复使用各种“流派”的批评语言，相反，批评家应该根据不同的诗歌灵活地选择批评方法。她声称自己的诗歌批评没有什么“理论”，并说明“理论”对于分析抒情诗来说用处不大，只有散文和小说这样的长篇大论才能够被“解构”，而诗歌并不适合理论的路子。
해륜·문덕륵피공인위시일위성취탁저적시가평론가、미국문학비평계적령군인물。문덕륵교수자1980년기재합불대학영어계임교，겸임미국예술여과학연구원원사，2004년피미국국가인우기금회수여상정미국련방정부최고인문성취영예적“걸비손강석”。2013년10월，항주사범대학교수마현박사수《외국문학연구》위탁，재합불대학영어계방문연구기간통과전자유건대문덕륵교수진행료채방。방담주요위요문덕륵교수작위일위걸출시가평론가적학술생애、시가비평이념여비평방법전개토론，섭급다방면적화제，포괄사사비아십사행시적예술、화래사·사체문사적시가중허가화진실적숭고、시가여회화적관계，독자여시가적관계이급문학비평여교학적관계등。재담급대우목전류행적각충우학이론적간법시，문덕륵주장재문학연구중불의채용잠시류행적사조、중복사용각충“류파”적비평어언，상반，비평가응해근거불동적시가령활지선택비평방법。저성칭자기적시가비평몰유십요“이론”，병설명“이론”대우분석서정시래설용처불대，지유산문화소설저양적장편대론재능구피“해구”，이시가병불괄합이론적로자。
Helen Hennessy Vendler is widely regarded as a leading American critic and one of the most accomplished interpreters of poetry She has published more than thirty books on American and British poets. vendler has been a professor of English at Harvard University since 1980. She is fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and was selected by the National Endowment for the Humanities for the 2004 Jefferson Lecture, the U.S. federal government＇s highest honor for achievement in humanities. In October 2013, Ma Xian, professor of Hangzhou Normal University and visiting scholar at Harvard University, entrusted by Foreign Literature Studies, interviewed vendler via email. The interview focuses on ／,endler＇s career as a literary critic, her criticism of poetry, transformations or revisions of her critical thinking and approaches to criticism. The interview also covers a variety of topics, addressing issues such as the art of Shakespeare＇s sonnets, Wallace Stevens＇s poetry, the relationships between poems and paintings, between readers and poetry, and between teaching and criticism, etc. As for varieties of prevailing theories, ／,endler asserts that she does not think literary study can be seen in temporal terms, with one form of emphasis following another, in various ＂schools＂ of criticism. She thinks instead that the poem should be addressed as an artwork, that the critic should practice an eclecticism choosing approaches that differ depending on the poem. She declares that she has no theories herself on the criticism of poetry and algues that theory has offered very little of relevance to lyric： theory has depended on long forms （essays, novels） that can be ＂deconstructed,＂ whereas lyric doesn＇t offer that purchase.