CAJ | 학술논문

劳动合同和工会是维护劳动者权益和协调劳动关系的重要机制，但其实际效果却存在很大的争论。本文通过对中国综合社会调查（CGSS2008）数据的分析，发现劳动合同在保护员工合法权益和促进劳动标准的实施方面发挥了重要作用；劳动合同员工享受法定社会保障的概率显著高于非劳动合同员工，且经常性加班、违反劳动法律规定的非法延时工作的概率显著低于非劳动合同员工；尽管工会在促使企业遵守劳动法规如提高劳动合同簦玎率和法定失业保险覆盖率等方面发挥了一定作用，但工会无法为员工增加工资和额外福利，甚至不能维护劳动者的某些合法权益。以个体劳权为核心的劳动关系调整机制无法满足广大劳动者日盖增加的法外权益的诉求，从而逐渐暴露出劳动合同制度的局限性。改革工会制度、发展和完善集体劳动关系已是势在必行。
노동합동화공회시유호노동자권익화협조노동관계적중요궤제，단기실제효과각존재흔대적쟁론。본문통과대중국종합사회조사（CGSS2008）수거적분석，발현노동합동재보호원공합법권익화촉진노동표준적실시방면발휘료중요작용；노동합동원공향수법정사회보장적개솔현저고우비노동합동원공，차경상성가반、위반노동법률규정적비법연시공작적개솔현저저우비노동합동원공；진관공회재촉사기업준수노동법규여제고노동합동등정솔화법정실업보험복개솔등방면발휘료일정작용，단공회무법위원공증가공자화액외복리，심지불능유호노동자적모사합법권익。이개체로권위핵심적노동관계조정궤제무법만족엄대노동자일개증가적법외권익적소구，종이축점폭로출노동합동제도적국한성。개혁공회제도、발전화완선집체노동관계이시세재필행。
Whether employment eontraets and trade unions ean proteet Chinese workers＇ rights and interests has been hotly debated. Based on analysis of CGSS2008 data, this paper shows that employment contraets play an important role in protecting workers＇ legal rights and promoting the enforcement of labor standards. Compared with those who do not have employment eontraets, employees with employment eontraets are more likely to have mandatory social insuranees and less likely to work overtime or illegal overtime. Although unions may play a significant role in promoting the enforeement of eertain labor regulations sueh as giving workers employment eontraets and marldatory unemployment insuranee, unions do not have significant effeets on wages, additional benefits, and some other workers＇ legal rights. We eonelude that it is neeessary to further improve the employment eontraet system, workers＇ growing interest based demand has made the limitations of the eurrent labor relations governanee meehanism that eenters on individual labor rights inereasingly evident. Therefore, it is urgent for China to reform trade unions and develop an effective governanec meehanism of eollective labor relations.