广西民族研究
廣西民族研究
엄서민족연구
Study of Ethnics in Cuangxi
2014年
1期
146~156
,共null页
乡村微型旅游企业 发展变迁 民族地区
鄉村微型旅遊企業 髮展變遷 民族地區
향촌미형여유기업 발전변천 민족지구
Small rural tourist enterprise; Development and change; Minority areas
乡村微型旅游企业将旅游开发与社区建设联系起来，已成为民族地区具有重要意义的重大商业发展动态。通过对2006年和2012年广西乡村微型旅游企业业主构成、企业经营管理、企业经营效应的调查，研究发现：广西乡村微型旅游企业总体上处于发展初级阶段，局部地区形成了初级的乡村微型旅游企业集群；与2006年相比，2012年广西乡村微型旅游企业业主在性别、婚姻、年龄等方面有较大变化，外来投资者增多，业主的英语能力、交际能力、风险投资意识增强，而创业对业主阅历、资金资本要求具有一致性；乡村微型旅游企业创办由自由化向正规化转变，经营形式由单一家族式向家族、合伙、租赁等多种经营形式转变，管理向现代化、网络化转变，提供社会就业岗位功能增强；不同景区，乡村微型旅游企业经营效应虽具有一定差异，总体上经营效应显著。针对乡村微型旅游企业发展中的新动向，提出通过转变景区经营方式、推动乡村旅游目的地产业融合等促进乡村微型旅游企业可持续发展。
鄉村微型旅遊企業將旅遊開髮與社區建設聯繫起來，已成為民族地區具有重要意義的重大商業髮展動態。通過對2006年和2012年廣西鄉村微型旅遊企業業主構成、企業經營管理、企業經營效應的調查，研究髮現：廣西鄉村微型旅遊企業總體上處于髮展初級階段，跼部地區形成瞭初級的鄉村微型旅遊企業集群；與2006年相比，2012年廣西鄉村微型旅遊企業業主在性彆、婚姻、年齡等方麵有較大變化，外來投資者增多，業主的英語能力、交際能力、風險投資意識增彊，而創業對業主閱歷、資金資本要求具有一緻性；鄉村微型旅遊企業創辦由自由化嚮正規化轉變，經營形式由單一傢族式嚮傢族、閤夥、租賃等多種經營形式轉變，管理嚮現代化、網絡化轉變，提供社會就業崗位功能增彊；不同景區，鄉村微型旅遊企業經營效應雖具有一定差異，總體上經營效應顯著。針對鄉村微型旅遊企業髮展中的新動嚮，提齣通過轉變景區經營方式、推動鄉村旅遊目的地產業融閤等促進鄉村微型旅遊企業可持續髮展。
향촌미형여유기업장여유개발여사구건설련계기래，이성위민족지구구유중요의의적중대상업발전동태。통과대2006년화2012년엄서향촌미형여유기업업주구성、기업경영관리、기업경영효응적조사，연구발현：엄서향촌미형여유기업총체상처우발전초급계단，국부지구형성료초급적향촌미형여유기업집군；여2006년상비，2012년엄서향촌미형여유기업업주재성별、혼인、년령등방면유교대변화，외래투자자증다，업주적영어능력、교제능력、풍험투자의식증강，이창업대업주열력、자금자본요구구유일치성；향촌미형여유기업창판유자유화향정규화전변，경영형식유단일가족식향가족、합화、조임등다충경영형식전변，관리향현대화、망락화전변，제공사회취업강위공능증강；불동경구，향촌미형여유기업경영효응수구유일정차이，총체상경영효응현저。침대향촌미형여유기업발전중적신동향，제출통과전변경구경영방식、추동향촌여유목적지산업융합등촉진향촌미형여유기업가지속발전。
Small tourist enterprises in rural areas link tourist development and the local community. It has become an important dynamics in business development in minority areas. Based on the investigations on composition of owners of enterprises, management and effects of business of small tourist enterprises in rural Guangxi in 2006 and 2012, the authors of this paper conclude that small tourist enterprise in rural Guangxi is in the initial stage of development in general, and primary industrial clusters are formed in some rural tourist destinations. Comparing to that in 2006, there were considerable changes in terms of the owner＇s gender, ma- rital status, age etc. in 2012. The number of foreign investors increased. The owners＇ English ability, com-munications skills, awareness of risk investment improved and strengthened. Entrepreneurial owners＇ experi- ence, fund capital requirements are consistent in 2006 and 2012. There was a consistence in terms of the own- ers＇ experience and capital required in the establishment of enterprises. The establishment of small rural tour- ist enterprises shifted from liberalization to regnlarization. The mode of management also shifted to diversified management of family, partnership and leasing from the previous single family management. With the change to modern management and network, more job opportunities were provided. Although the effects of manage- ment of the small rural tourist enterprises in different scenic spots varied to a certain degree, these effects were significant in general. According to the new ses, this paper puts forward advices on changing tendency in development of the small rural tourist enterpri- the mode of operation and industrial integration in tourist spots in order to promote the sustainable development of small rural tourist enterprises.
