CAJ | 학술논문

国有企业是自主创新的重要主体和国家创新体系不可或缺的组成部分，是中国实现创新驱动发展的主要依靠力量。有些学者认为，国有企业缺乏创新动力和创新效率，没有创新能力，国家提高自主创新能力关键要靠民营企业。这种由所有制性质决定的“企业创新能力论”具有较大影响，并产生一定误导和危害。本文研究表明，虽然目前部分国有企业创新水平较低，但这并非普遍和必然的现象，国有企业并非天然缺乏创新动力和创新效率。通过完善有关体制与机制，国企创新动力可以有效增强，创新效率可以大幅提升。进一步的实证分析还表明，中国制造业上市公司中，国有控股企业的创新绩效明显高于民营企业，可见国有企业的创新能力并不比其他类型企业低。
국유기업시자주창신적중요주체화국가창신체계불가혹결적조성부분，시중국실현창신구동발전적주요의고역량。유사학자인위，국유기업결핍창신동력화창신효솔，몰유창신능력，국가제고자주창신능력관건요고민영기업。저충유소유제성질결정적“기업창신능력론”구유교대영향，병산생일정오도화위해。본문연구표명，수연목전부분국유기업창신수평교저，단저병비보편화필연적현상，국유기업병비천연결핍창신동력화창신효솔。통과완선유관체제여궤제，국기창신동력가이유효증강，창신효솔가이대폭제승。진일보적실증분석환표명，중국제조업상시공사중，국유공고기업적창신적효명현고우민영기업，가견국유기업적창신능력병불비기타류형기업저。
State-owned enterprises are not only an important source of independent innovation, but also an important part of national innovation system and innovation-driven development. Nonetheless, many scholars believe that state-owned enterprises lack innovation power and efficiency, and that national innovation-driven development can only rely on private enterprises. This theory based on the nature of ownership is misguided and misleading. The study of this paper shows that the lack of innovation performance is neither universal nor inevitable phenomenon. More importantly, institutional improvements can effectively enhance the power and efficiency of innovation. Further empirical analysis based on listed manufacturing companies also shows that the innovation performance of state-owned enterprises is significantly higher than that of private enterprises, which proves that innovation capacity of SOEs is not lower than other types of enterprises.