CAJ | 학술논문

实证主义与后实证主义之争是政策分析领域的一个前沿问题。本文认为，传统的实证主义政策分析强调研究的定量化与专业性，带来了政策科学的“第一次革命”。而上世纪80年代兴起的后实证主义政策分析针对实证主义方法的弊端，倡导民主，重视社会情境与价值分析，引发了政策科学的“二次革命”。文章首先从方法论、政策协商和分析工具三方面介绍了后实证主义政策分析的主要理论观点，根据相关研究侧重点的不同分阶段梳理了该领域三十多年来的历史发展脉络，评价其得失，最后就政策分析框架的重建问题进行探索与展望。
실증주의여후실증주의지쟁시정책분석영역적일개전연문제。본문인위，전통적실증주의정책분석강조연구적정양화여전업성，대래료정책과학적“제일차혁명”。이상세기80년대흥기적후실증주의정책분석침대실증주의방법적폐단，창도민주，중시사회정경여개치분석，인발료정책과학적“이차혁명”。문장수선종방법론、정책협상화분석공구삼방면개소료후실증주의정책분석적주요이론관점，근거상관연구측중점적불동분계단소리료해영역삼십다년래적역사발전맥락，평개기득실，최후취정책분석광가적중건문제진행탐색여전망。
The controversy regarding positivism and postpositivism features contemporary policy science. This article argues that the intensified use of quantitative methods and high involvement of professionals and their expertise, advocated by the traditional positivist policy analysis, marks the first revolution of this field, and the postpositivism development since early 1980s which highlights the democratic side of policy analysis, the policy context and value analysis, can be regar ded as the ＇second revolution＇ of policy science. The article first presents the postpositivist policy analysis through three lenses： critics of the positivist approach, policy deliberation and analytic tools. Then it retrospectively outlines the evolution of this field with a three-phase differentiation, and examines the achievements of and the potential risks brought by this revolution. Finally the article proposes an integrated frame of policy analysis.