CAJ | 학술논문

本文在一个要素替代的框架下研究了不同来源技术进步对能源强度的影响。文章构建了一个包含中性技术进步和有偏技术进步的超越对数成本函数模型，利用中国36个工业行业1999--2010年的数据进行回归，在回归结果的基础上得出了不同来源技术进步的要素偏向，并计算出不同来源技术进步及其中性技术进步和有偏技术进步（要素替代）对中国工业能源强度的影响。结果发现：第一，R＆D、进口、FDI水平溢出和后向溢出效应是能源节约型的，出口和FDI前向溢出效应是能源使用型的。第二，R＆D、FDI水平溢出效应可以显著降低能源强度，R＆D、FDI水平溢出效应每增加1％，能源强度将下降0．1935％和0．1661％；FDI前向溢出效应可以显著增加能源强度，前向溢出每提高1％，能源强度上升0．2589％。第三，有偏技术进步的要素替代效应是技术进步影响能源强度的主要渠道。
본문재일개요소체대적광가하연구료불동래원기술진보대능원강도적영향。문장구건료일개포함중성기술진보화유편기술진보적초월대수성본함수모형，이용중국36개공업행업1999--2010년적수거진행회귀，재회귀결과적기출상득출료불동래원기술진보적요소편향，병계산출불동래원기술진보급기중성기술진보화유편기술진보（요소체대）대중국공업능원강도적영향。결과발현：제일，R＆D、진구、FDI수평일출화후향일출효응시능원절약형적，출구화FDI전향일출효응시능원사용형적。제이，R＆D、FDI수평일출효응가이현저강저능원강도，R＆D、FDI수평일출효응매증가1％，능원강도장하강0．1935％화0．1661％；FDI전향일출효응가이현저증가능원강도，전향일출매제고1％，능원강도상승0．2589％。제삼，유편기술진보적요소체대효응시기술진보영향능원강도적주요거도。
This paper studies the impact of technological progress from different sources to energy intensity. We set a translog cost function containing neutral and biased technological progress. Regression is conducted with panel data of Chinese 36 industrial sectors from 1999 to 2010. Based on the regression result, we show the factor biased of technological progress from different sources, and calculate their impact to energy intensity through neutral and biased （factor substitution） technological progress. The paper finds the following main results. Firstly, R＆D, import, FDI horizontal spillover and backward spillover is energy-saving, export and FDI forward spillover is energy-using. Secondly, 1% increase of R＆D and FDI horizontal spillover can decrease energy intensity by 0. 1935% and 0. 1661% , while 1% increase of FDI forward spillover will increase energy intensity by 0. 2589%. Thirdly, biased technological progress and its factor substitution effect is the main channel of technological progress to impact energy intensity.