心理学报
心理學報
심이학보
Acta Psychologica Sinica
2014年
2期
238~251
,共null页
父母支持 友谊质量 孤独感 抑郁 间接效应模型
父母支持 友誼質量 孤獨感 抑鬱 間接效應模型
부모지지 우의질량 고독감 억욱 간접효응모형
parental support; friendship quality; loneliness; depression; the indirect effect model
以560名5、7、10年级学生为被试，检验父母支持、友谊质量与孤独感、抑郁的关系是否符合间接效应模型及其模型适用性问题。结构方程建模及群组分析结果发现：（1）总体上，间接效应模型成立，父母支持既直接影响孤独感和抑郁，也通过影响友谊质量进而影响孤独感和抑郁状况；f2）从具体适应问题看，间接效应模型对于孤独感和抑郁均显著，但更适用于对孤独感的预测；（3）从发展阶段看，间接效应模型仅适用于童年晚期和青少年早期，且更适用于童年晚期；（4）从性别角度看，间接效应模型对两性均显著，但更适用于男生。结果提示，父母支持、友谊质量对孤独感和抑郁的影响均符合间接效应模型，但该模型的适用性可能因具体适应问题、发展阶段和性别而有差异。
以560名5、7、10年級學生為被試，檢驗父母支持、友誼質量與孤獨感、抑鬱的關繫是否符閤間接效應模型及其模型適用性問題。結構方程建模及群組分析結果髮現：（1）總體上，間接效應模型成立，父母支持既直接影響孤獨感和抑鬱，也通過影響友誼質量進而影響孤獨感和抑鬱狀況；f2）從具體適應問題看，間接效應模型對于孤獨感和抑鬱均顯著，但更適用于對孤獨感的預測；（3）從髮展階段看，間接效應模型僅適用于童年晚期和青少年早期，且更適用于童年晚期；（4）從性彆角度看，間接效應模型對兩性均顯著，但更適用于男生。結果提示，父母支持、友誼質量對孤獨感和抑鬱的影響均符閤間接效應模型，但該模型的適用性可能因具體適應問題、髮展階段和性彆而有差異。
이560명5、7、10년급학생위피시，검험부모지지、우의질량여고독감、억욱적관계시부부합간접효응모형급기모형괄용성문제。결구방정건모급군조분석결과발현：（1）총체상，간접효응모형성립，부모지지기직접영향고독감화억욱，야통과영향우의질량진이영향고독감화억욱상황；f2）종구체괄응문제간，간접효응모형대우고독감화억욱균현저，단경괄용우대고독감적예측；（3）종발전계단간，간접효응모형부괄용우동년만기화청소년조기，차경괄용우동년만기；（4）종성별각도간，간접효응모형대량성균현저，단경괄용우남생。결과제시，부모지지、우의질량대고독감화억욱적영향균부합간접효응모형，단해모형적괄용성가능인구체괄응문제、발전계단화성별이유차이。
Rubin et al. （2004） indicated that at least three linking ways might exist in the relationships between emotional adjustment and child-parent relationships and friendship quality： an independence model, an interaction model, and an indirect effect model. The indirect effect model, however, has stayed to be a theoretical hypothesis and lacked enough empirical evidence. Furthermore, it is possibly different when applied to different emotional problems （e.g., loneliness vs depression）, developmental stages and genders. Thus, the present study explored the validity and applicability of the indirect effect model. A total of 560 students from grade 5 （late childhood）, grade 7 （early adolescence）, and grade 10 （middle adolescence） were surveyed with questionnaires, including the Chinese versions of Network of Relationships Inventory （Furman ＆ Buhrmester, 1985）, Peer Nomination Questionnaire, the Friendship Quality Questionnaire （Parker ＆ Asher, 1993）, the Loneliness Scale （Asher, Hymel, ＆ Renshaw, 1984））, and the Children＇s Depression Inventory （Kovacs, 1992）. Among them, each of 458 participants had at least one mutual best same-sex friend. At last, the present study conducted correlation analyses, structural equation modeling and its multiple-group analyses mainly on their data using SPSS 13.0 and Amos 7.0. The main findings were as follows： （1） overall, the indirect effect model was found to be significant, parental support negatively affected the participants＇ loneliness and depression both directly and indirectly via friendship quality; （2） in terms of emotional adjustment problems, the indirect effect model was significant for both loneliness and depression, but it was more applicable to predict loneliness; （3） from the aspect of developmental stage, the indirect effect model was applicable to both late childhood and early adolescence, particularly to late childhood; （4） from the gender perspective, the indirect effect model was applicable to both boys and girls, particularly to boys. These results suggest that parental support and friendship quality influence emotional adjustments by way of an indirect effect model, i.e., parental support can influence emotional adjustments via friendship quality, whereas the applicability of this model is different in terms of different emotional problems, developmental stages, and genders.
