厦门大学学报：哲学社会科学版
廈門大學學報：哲學社會科學版
하문대학학보：철학사회과학판
Journal of Xiamen University(A Quarterly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)
2014年
1期
138~148
,共null页
促贸援助 出口成本 削减效应 成本函数
促貿援助 齣口成本 削減效應 成本函數
촉무원조 출구성본 삭감효응 성본함수
Aid for Trade, export cost, reduction effect, cost function
“促贸援助”对受援国对外贸易规模、贸易结构及贸易成本的影响不仅是一个理论问题，而且具有重要的政策指导意义。利用贸易成本函数分析援助、制度、基础设施对受援国贸易成本的影响，选取63个受援国2005-2011年的面板数据，可分别从总体和国家分组两个层面检验“促贸援助”对受援国贸易成本的影响。研究表明，“促贸援助”特别是其中的经济基础设施援助可以明显降低受援国的出口成本，且低收入受援国的削减效应强于高收入受援国；“促贸援助”也会降低受援国的进口成本，但其效应小于出口成本且其项下不同类别的援助对不同收入水平受援国的影响不同；制度因素和基础设施质量有利于降低两类国家的出口成本和进口成本，且对高收入国家的作用力高于低收入国家。因此，为降低受援国的贸易成本，援助国应该进一步增加“促贸援助”尤其是经济基础设施援助，并适度向低收入受援国倾斜。
“促貿援助”對受援國對外貿易規模、貿易結構及貿易成本的影響不僅是一箇理論問題，而且具有重要的政策指導意義。利用貿易成本函數分析援助、製度、基礎設施對受援國貿易成本的影響，選取63箇受援國2005-2011年的麵闆數據，可分彆從總體和國傢分組兩箇層麵檢驗“促貿援助”對受援國貿易成本的影響。研究錶明，“促貿援助”特彆是其中的經濟基礎設施援助可以明顯降低受援國的齣口成本，且低收入受援國的削減效應彊于高收入受援國；“促貿援助”也會降低受援國的進口成本，但其效應小于齣口成本且其項下不同類彆的援助對不同收入水平受援國的影響不同；製度因素和基礎設施質量有利于降低兩類國傢的齣口成本和進口成本，且對高收入國傢的作用力高于低收入國傢。因此，為降低受援國的貿易成本，援助國應該進一步增加“促貿援助”尤其是經濟基礎設施援助，併適度嚮低收入受援國傾斜。
“촉무원조”대수원국대외무역규모、무역결구급무역성본적영향불부시일개이론문제，이차구유중요적정책지도의의。이용무역성본함수분석원조、제도、기출설시대수원국무역성본적영향，선취63개수원국2005-2011년적면판수거，가분별종총체화국가분조량개층면검험“촉무원조”대수원국무역성본적영향。연구표명，“촉무원조”특별시기중적경제기출설시원조가이명현강저수원국적출구성본，차저수입수원국적삭감효응강우고수입수원국；“촉무원조”야회강저수원국적진구성본，단기효응소우출구성본차기항하불동유별적원조대불동수입수평수원국적영향불동；제도인소화기출설시질량유리우강저량류국가적출구성본화진구성본，차대고수입국가적작용력고우저수입국가。인차，위강저수원국적무역성본，원조국응해진일보증가“촉무원조”우기시경제기출설시원조，병괄도향저수입수원국경사。
The effect of ＂Aid for Trade＂ on recipients＇ foreign trade volume, structure and cost is not only a theoretical issue, but has important implications for policy-making. This paper first analyses the influence of aid, institution and infra- structure on recipients＇ trade cost using the trade cost function, and then examines the effect of ＂ Aid for Trade＂ on recipients＇ trade cost from the overall and income-divided groups respectively based on panel data of 63 recipients between 2005 and 2011. Our research shows that, ＂Aid for Trade＂, especially aid for economic infrastructure, can lower recipients＇ export cost remarkably and that the reduction effect is stronger for low-income recipients than for high-income recipients. ＂Aid for Trade＂ could also reduce the import cost of recipients, but the effect is weaker than that on export cost and differ- ent categories have different influences on different recipients in terms of income. Both institution and the quality of infra- structure can lower export and import cost of the two types of recipients, but play a larger role in high-income recipients than that in low-income recipients. Therefore, to reduce trade cost in recipients, donors should further increase ＂Aid for Trade＂, especially aid for economic infrastructure and incline more to low-income recipients.
