中国行政管理
中國行政管理
중국행정관리
Chinese Public Administration
2014年
3期
53~57
,共null页
乡政村治 村级治理 村民自治
鄉政村治 村級治理 村民自治
향정촌치 촌급치리 촌민자치
township government and villagers self-- management, village governance, the villager autonomous organizations
建国以来，我国村级治理模式经历了从一元到多元的变迁，这与国家的现代化建设密不可分，并服从于现代国家建设需要。人民公社体制将分散的农民通过政治运动组织进了一个个超越家庭的生产队和人民公社中，形成以党组织为核心的一元治理模式；随着农村改革的推进，村民自治组织在党和政府领导下自主地管理基层社会事务，形成乡政与村治二元主体并存的局面；20世纪90年代在农村出现的治理性危机，中央政府试图通过农村税费改革来倒逼基层政府对自身进行改革，多元化治理主体的村治模式成为历史的必然。
建國以來，我國村級治理模式經歷瞭從一元到多元的變遷，這與國傢的現代化建設密不可分，併服從于現代國傢建設需要。人民公社體製將分散的農民通過政治運動組織進瞭一箇箇超越傢庭的生產隊和人民公社中，形成以黨組織為覈心的一元治理模式；隨著農村改革的推進，村民自治組織在黨和政府領導下自主地管理基層社會事務，形成鄉政與村治二元主體併存的跼麵；20世紀90年代在農村齣現的治理性危機，中央政府試圖通過農村稅費改革來倒逼基層政府對自身進行改革，多元化治理主體的村治模式成為歷史的必然。
건국이래，아국촌급치리모식경력료종일원도다원적변천，저여국가적현대화건설밀불가분，병복종우현대국가건설수요。인민공사체제장분산적농민통과정치운동조직진료일개개초월가정적생산대화인민공사중，형성이당조직위핵심적일원치리모식；수착농촌개혁적추진，촌민자치조직재당화정부령도하자주지관리기층사회사무，형성향정여촌치이원주체병존적국면；20세기90년대재농촌출현적치이성위궤，중앙정부시도통과농촌세비개혁래도핍기층정부대자신진행개혁，다원화치리주체적촌치모식성위역사적필연。
Since the founding of new China, the model of village level governance has changed from monism to pluralism along with the country modernization inextricably. In the political movement, scattered villagers were integrated beyond family through the people＇s commune system in which the party organizations had been at the core position. As the ru- ral economic information, the villager autonomous organizations began to manage public affairs of the rural community under the leadership of party and government. Then township government and villagers autonomous organizations have formed the dual governance structure together. In 1990s, the central government tried to push the township gov- ernment to reform the basic level management through the reformation of rural taxes and fees, and the pluralism of the village level governance model has become a necessary choice. By reviewing the changes of village level governance model, the author tries to study the unique construction goals of our country in different periods and find out the his- torical development trend slowly but clearly.
