改革与战略
改革與戰略
개혁여전략
Reformation & Strategy
2014年
2期
62~65
,共null页
地方政府债务 成因 后果 风险控制
地方政府債務 成因 後果 風險控製
지방정부채무 성인 후과 풍험공제
local government debts; causes; the consequences; risk control
当前，我国地方债务的规模已十分庞大，并呈现不断扩张的趋势。地方债务问题的成因是多元的，既有体制方面的原因，也有政策以及债务管理方面的原因。地方债务的累积，给经济的可持续发展带来巨大的隐患。因此，控制和化解地方债务问题已刻不容缓。从短期看，通过资产证券化、引进民间资本和出售地方国有资产等方式可缓解债务问题；从长期看，则必须对地方政府的举债行为进行制度约束。改革完善分税体制、转变政府职能、强化约束监督机制、完善政绩考核机制以及建立地方债务管理与防范机制可以有效地制约地方政府的举债行为。
噹前，我國地方債務的規模已十分龐大，併呈現不斷擴張的趨勢。地方債務問題的成因是多元的，既有體製方麵的原因，也有政策以及債務管理方麵的原因。地方債務的纍積，給經濟的可持續髮展帶來巨大的隱患。因此，控製和化解地方債務問題已刻不容緩。從短期看，通過資產證券化、引進民間資本和齣售地方國有資產等方式可緩解債務問題；從長期看，則必鬚對地方政府的舉債行為進行製度約束。改革完善分稅體製、轉變政府職能、彊化約束鑑督機製、完善政績攷覈機製以及建立地方債務管理與防範機製可以有效地製約地方政府的舉債行為。
당전，아국지방채무적규모이십분방대，병정현불단확장적추세。지방채무문제적성인시다원적，기유체제방면적원인，야유정책이급채무관리방면적원인。지방채무적루적，급경제적가지속발전대래거대적은환。인차，공제화화해지방채무문제이각불용완。종단기간，통과자산증권화、인진민간자본화출수지방국유자산등방식가완해채무문제；종장기간，칙필수대지방정부적거채행위진행제도약속。개혁완선분세체제、전변정부직능、강화약속감독궤제、완선정적고핵궤제이급건입지방채무관리여방범궤제가이유효지제약지방정부적거채행위。
At present, the local debt scale in China is very large and has the trend of ever-expanding. The reasons of the local debt problem are diverse. The system factor, policy factor and debt management factor are the reasons of the local debt problem. The accumulated local debt has seriously influenced the sustainable development of China＇s economy. So, effective measures must be taken to control and resolve the risk of the local debt. In the short term by issuing local government bonds asset securitization, introducing private capital and selling state asset can raise funds that local government needs and ease the debt risk of local government. In the long term, we must establish the restraint mechanism to contain the investment impulse of local government. We can set up the financial institution whose powers is matched with its property; and we can transform the government＇s functions; and we can improve the supervision system; and we can improve the assessing methods of political achievements, and we can also establish local government debt management and risk prevention mechanism.
