中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2014年
2期
82~87
,共null页
贸易结构 生态不平等交换 农业资源消费 生态足迹
貿易結構 生態不平等交換 農業資源消費 生態足跡
무역결구 생태불평등교환 농업자원소비 생태족적
structure of trade; ecologically unequal exchange; agricultural resource consumption; ecological tootpnnt
生态不平等交换理论认为垂直出口流动是一个关键的结构性机制,有利于发达国家通过分层的贸易结构过度利用发展中国家的生态资源并将环境成本外部化,引起后者资源消费约束和生态环境退化.本文通过构建中国农业部门初级资源及产品的加权垂直出口流量指数,采用人均CGTF生态足迹衡量农业资源消费的指标,就分层贸易结构等因素对中国1962-2011年农业资源消费水平的影响进行了经验分析.研究结果发现：中国与发达国家之间的分层贸易结构显著地抑制了中国对农业初级资源及产品的消费,中国在分层的贸易结构中着实成为了发达国家基于消费的环境成本外部化的受体国;人均产出的增长会促进人均农业资源消费水平的提高;出口依赖不利于国内人口的农业资源消费;城市化和服务业比重变量均会降低人均CGTF生态足迹.
生態不平等交換理論認為垂直齣口流動是一箇關鍵的結構性機製,有利于髮達國傢通過分層的貿易結構過度利用髮展中國傢的生態資源併將環境成本外部化,引起後者資源消費約束和生態環境退化.本文通過構建中國農業部門初級資源及產品的加權垂直齣口流量指數,採用人均CGTF生態足跡衡量農業資源消費的指標,就分層貿易結構等因素對中國1962-2011年農業資源消費水平的影響進行瞭經驗分析.研究結果髮現：中國與髮達國傢之間的分層貿易結構顯著地抑製瞭中國對農業初級資源及產品的消費,中國在分層的貿易結構中著實成為瞭髮達國傢基于消費的環境成本外部化的受體國;人均產齣的增長會促進人均農業資源消費水平的提高;齣口依賴不利于國內人口的農業資源消費;城市化和服務業比重變量均會降低人均CGTF生態足跡.
생태불평등교환이론인위수직출구류동시일개관건적결구성궤제,유리우발체국가통과분층적무역결구과도이용발전중국가적생태자원병장배경성본외부화,인기후자자원소비약속화생태배경퇴화.본문통과구건중국농업부문초급자원급산품적가권수직출구류량지수,채용인균CGTF생태족적형량농업자원소비적지표,취분층무역결구등인소대중국1962-2011년농업자원소비수평적영향진행료경험분석.연구결과발현：중국여발체국가지간적분층무역결구현저지억제료중국대농업초급자원급산품적소비,중국재분층적무역결구중착실성위료발체국가기우소비적배경성본외부화적수체국;인균산출적증장회촉진인균농업자원소비수평적제고;출구의뢰불리우국내인구적농업자원소비;성시화화복무업비중변량균회강저인균CGTF생태족적.
The theory of ecologically unequal exchange suggests that vertical export flow is a key structural mechanism, which is conducive to the developed countries through the stratified structure of trade disproportionate utilization of ecological resources in the developing countries and the externalization of environmental costs, and the latter is caused by the constraints of resources consumption and ecological degradation. This paper constructs the weighted index of vertical export flow of primary resources and products of agricultural sector in China, and uses the CGTF ecological footprint per capita to measure agricultural resource consumption. We conduct an empirical analysis for the effects of the stratified structure of trade and other factors on agricultural resource consumption in China from 1962 to 2011. Findings confirm the hypothesis： stratified structure of trade between China and developed countries significantly suppresses the consumption of primary agricultural resources and products in China which has become to the receptor of environmental cost externalization by developed countries based on consumption in the stratified structure; GDP per capita growth will promote agricultural resources consumption per capita; export dependence is not conducive to the domestic agricultural resource consumption; urbanization and the proportion of service industry will reduce the CGTF ecological footprint per capita.
