武汉体育学院学报
武漢體育學院學報
무한체육학원학보
Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education
2014年
2期
80~83
,共null页
女子铅球 优秀运动员 竞技表现 稳定性
女子鉛毬 優秀運動員 競技錶現 穩定性
녀자연구 우수운동원 경기표현 은정성
women shot-put ; elite athletes ; athletic performance ; stability
通过文献和数理统计,对2004年至2013年间世界锦标赛和奥运会中女子铅球比赛前8名运动员的平均年龄、平均成绩、发挥率、最优成绩出现的轮次、有效成绩的变异系数进行分析.结果显示,世界优秀女子铅球运动员的平均年龄为26.2岁,平均发挥率为98.79％,超水平发挥率为28.13％,夺冠成绩平均20.74m,前8名的平均成绩为19.52m,有效成绩的变异系数为1.67％；全部6轮次试投中,各轮次成功率逐渐下降,总体成功率为73.16％,前3轮较为平稳,后3轮明显下降；各轮次出现最优成绩频数无显著性差异,显著性水平P=0.126＞ 0.05.我国女子铅球运动员的平均年龄比世界平均水平小约2岁,平均成绩比世界平均水平略低,发挥率和变异系数都比世界平均水平高,说明我国女子铅球运动员技术比较稳定,但要提高绝对实力,加强每轮次的冲击力.
通過文獻和數理統計,對2004年至2013年間世界錦標賽和奧運會中女子鉛毬比賽前8名運動員的平均年齡、平均成績、髮揮率、最優成績齣現的輪次、有效成績的變異繫數進行分析.結果顯示,世界優秀女子鉛毬運動員的平均年齡為26.2歲,平均髮揮率為98.79％,超水平髮揮率為28.13％,奪冠成績平均20.74m,前8名的平均成績為19.52m,有效成績的變異繫數為1.67％；全部6輪次試投中,各輪次成功率逐漸下降,總體成功率為73.16％,前3輪較為平穩,後3輪明顯下降；各輪次齣現最優成績頻數無顯著性差異,顯著性水平P=0.126＞ 0.05.我國女子鉛毬運動員的平均年齡比世界平均水平小約2歲,平均成績比世界平均水平略低,髮揮率和變異繫數都比世界平均水平高,說明我國女子鉛毬運動員技術比較穩定,但要提高絕對實力,加彊每輪次的遲擊力.
통과문헌화수리통계,대2004년지2013년간세계금표새화오운회중녀자연구비새전8명운동원적평균년령、평균성적、발휘솔、최우성적출현적륜차、유효성적적변이계수진행분석.결과현시,세계우수녀자연구운동원적평균년령위26.2세,평균발휘솔위98.79％,초수평발휘솔위28.13％,탈관성적평균20.74m,전8명적평균성적위19.52m,유효성적적변이계수위1.67％；전부6륜차시투중,각륜차성공솔축점하강,총체성공솔위73.16％,전3륜교위평은,후3륜명현하강；각륜차출현최우성적빈수무현저성차이,현저성수평P=0.126＞ 0.05.아국녀자연구운동원적평균년령비세계평균수평소약2세,평균성적비세계평균수평략저,발휘솔화변이계수도비세계평균수평고,설명아국녀자연구운동원기술비교은정,단요제고절대실력,가강매륜차적충격력.
Taking the top eight women shot-putters in the Olympic Games and world championships from 2004 to 2013 as research objects, their average age, average scores, play rate, rounds of getting optimal results and variable coefficient of effective results were studied. It could be concluded that from 2004 to 2013, the average age of the world＇s elite women shot-putters was 26.2, the average playing rate was 98.79%, overachieving rate was 28.13%, the average champion score was 20.74 meters, the average score of the first 8 was 19.52 meters, and the variable coefficient of effective performance was 1.67%. From first round to sixth round, the success rate overall trends decreased and the overall success rate reached to 73.16%, which was relatively stable in the first three rounds, while that of the later three rounds was dramatic declining. The frequency of getting sub-optimal results had no significant differences （P = 0.126 〉 0.05 ）. The average age of the women shot-putters in China was two years younger than that of the world. The average score was slightly lower than that of the world. The play rate and the coefficient of variation was better than that of the world. These analysis showed that the technology of women shot-putters in China was stable, but the absolute strength and the impact in each rounds should be improved.
