CAJ | 학술논문

自严复提出“以自由为体，以民主为用”以来，“自由”便成为一个贯穿中国近现代历史的重要概念，但严复从“自由”到“自繇”的转变却说明，他的探讨不仅是从理想与价值的层面不断地向作为中性之制度的层面落实，而且也在不断地向作为传统文化之主要特征的具体理性回归。在这一视域下，儒家原本立基于做人精神之自我抉择的“遗产”庶几能够成为“自繇”制度的精神支撑；而其“老安”、“少怀”的指向也确实蕴涵着一定的“主义”追求。但20世纪中国社会思潮持续不断的“左化”走向，使得严复极有价值的制度化“自繇”说一直无人问津。今天，如果我们能够还原严复“自繇”说之制度关怀与权利追求的原意，就不仅可以激活儒家的“自由”遗产，而且还可以从文化主体性的角度发挥其双向的纠偏作用。
자엄복제출“이자유위체，이민주위용”이래，“자유”편성위일개관천중국근현대역사적중요개념，단엄복종“자유”도“자요”적전변각설명，타적탐토불부시종이상여개치적층면불단지향작위중성지제도적층면락실，이차야재불단지향작위전통문화지주요특정적구체이성회귀。재저일시역하，유가원본립기우주인정신지자아결택적“유산”서궤능구성위“자요”제도적정신지탱；이기“로안”、“소부”적지향야학실온함착일정적“주의”추구。단20세기중국사회사조지속불단적“좌화”주향，사득엄복겁유개치적제도화“자요”설일직무인문진。금천，여과아문능구환원엄복“자요”설지제도관부여권리추구적원의，취불부가이격활유가적“자유”유산，이차환가이종문화주체성적각도발휘기쌍향적규편작용。
Since Yan Fu proposed ＂taking liberty as ontology, democracy for application＂, ＂liberty＂ has become a mainline concept through modern Chinese history. But Yan Fu turned to probing not only from ideal and value to a reality of institution, but also a continuous return to concrete reason which is a key characteristic of traditional culture. In this view, the Confucian ＂legacy＂ of self-decision based on being human beings may probably become a spiritual support for an institution of liberty, and its intension also contains a pursuit for ＂ism.＂ However, the social trends in the 20th century continuously ＂turning to the left＂ makes Yan＇s theory neglected. Today, if we can recover Yan＇s theory of its concerning to institution and pursuing for rights, we may not only stimulate Confucian legacy of ＂liberty＂, but also display its function of correcting wrong orientations in explaining its cultural subjectivity.