中国人口资源与环境
中國人口資源與環境
중국인구자원여배경
China Polulation.Resources and Environment
2014年
3期
138~144
,共null页
负担率 综合保障度 简单赔付率 成本收益 政策性森林保险
負擔率 綜閤保障度 簡單賠付率 成本收益 政策性森林保險
부담솔 종합보장도 간단배부솔 성본수익 정책성삼림보험
load rate; comprehensiveness; simple payment rates; cost-benefit analysis; policy forest insurance
基于湖南和江西两省政策性森林保险市场供需情况的调查,从成本收益角度分析了政策性森林保险市场的主要参与者林农以及承保公司的发展制约因素.通过构建经验指标的方法,分析了负担率、综合保障度以及简单赔付率3个指标,从而分析森林政策性保险市场的供需状况,即通过测算两个指标“负担率”和“综合保障率”评估需求方林农的成本和收益;对于承保方保险公司,主要通过简单赔付率的测算,对其承保的成本收益进行测算分析.结果表明,目前政策性森林保险的负担率呈现较大的波动性而且部分年份较高,但从整体上来看基本能实现盈亏平衡甚至获得额外收益,仍具有较高的可行性;中央及地方财政支持对保费的补贴可以降低林农的负担率,政策性森林保险仍具备较大的市场空间;目前的政策性森林保险市场失灵现象并非保险费率过高所致.据此,应提高林农营林收益水平,激发林农自愿投保的积极性;根据负担率水平的不同,对林农进行有差别的补贴;积极扩大政策性森林保险在全国的覆盖范围,从而为林农、保险公司、政府及社会带来较大的直接或间接收益.
基于湖南和江西兩省政策性森林保險市場供需情況的調查,從成本收益角度分析瞭政策性森林保險市場的主要參與者林農以及承保公司的髮展製約因素.通過構建經驗指標的方法,分析瞭負擔率、綜閤保障度以及簡單賠付率3箇指標,從而分析森林政策性保險市場的供需狀況,即通過測算兩箇指標“負擔率”和“綜閤保障率”評估需求方林農的成本和收益;對于承保方保險公司,主要通過簡單賠付率的測算,對其承保的成本收益進行測算分析.結果錶明,目前政策性森林保險的負擔率呈現較大的波動性而且部分年份較高,但從整體上來看基本能實現盈虧平衡甚至穫得額外收益,仍具有較高的可行性;中央及地方財政支持對保費的補貼可以降低林農的負擔率,政策性森林保險仍具備較大的市場空間;目前的政策性森林保險市場失靈現象併非保險費率過高所緻.據此,應提高林農營林收益水平,激髮林農自願投保的積極性;根據負擔率水平的不同,對林農進行有差彆的補貼;積極擴大政策性森林保險在全國的覆蓋範圍,從而為林農、保險公司、政府及社會帶來較大的直接或間接收益.
기우호남화강서량성정책성삼림보험시장공수정황적조사,종성본수익각도분석료정책성삼림보험시장적주요삼여자임농이급승보공사적발전제약인소.통과구건경험지표적방법,분석료부담솔、종합보장도이급간단배부솔3개지표,종이분석삼림정책성보험시장적공수상황,즉통과측산량개지표“부담솔”화“종합보장솔”평고수구방임농적성본화수익;대우승보방보험공사,주요통과간단배부솔적측산,대기승보적성본수익진행측산분석.결과표명,목전정책성삼림보험적부담솔정현교대적파동성이차부분년빈교고,단종정체상래간기본능실현영우평형심지획득액외수익,잉구유교고적가행성;중앙급지방재정지지대보비적보첩가이강저임농적부담솔,정책성삼림보험잉구비교대적시장공간;목전적정책성삼림보험시장실령현상병비보험비솔과고소치.거차,응제고임농영림수익수평,격발임농자원투보적적겁성;근거부담솔수평적불동,대임농진행유차별적보첩;적겁확대정책성삼림보험재전국적복개범위,종이위임농、보험공사、정부급사회대래교대적직접혹간접수익.
This paper analyzed the development constraint factors of main market participants of policy forest insurance for foresters and insurance companies based on investigation of supply and demand situation data of Hunan and Jiangxi provinces.By constructing experience index method,this paper analyzed three indicators such as load rate,comprehensive support degree,and simple payments rate to analyze the situation of supply and demand of forest policy insurance market.It evaluated demanders＇ （forester） cost and benefit by calculating the two indexes ＂load rate＂ and ＂comprehensive rate＂.It calculated the index of ＂simple compensation rate＂ for suppliers （insurance company） to calculate the insurance cost income.The results show that,firstly,the current policy forest insurance load rate was volatile and high in some years,but,on the whole,it can basically achieve breakeven or even get the extra income,and it still has the high feasibility.Secondly,the financial support for premium subsidies by central and local governments can reduce foresters＇ load rate of policy forest insurance,and it still has a large market space.Thirdly,the current phenomenon of market failure of policy forest insurance is not caused by the high premium rate.Accordingly,forest income should be increased,differential subsidy burden rate should be developed depending on the different load rate,and the coverage of policy forest insurance should be expanded in the country to improve the direct or indirect benefits for our foresters,insurance companies,government and society.
