CAJ | 학술논문

激励性管制是目前发达国家自然垄断产业主流的政府管制方式，在现实应用中成效明显。新制度经济学的交易费用、制度结构、路径依赖等理论，有助于人们对激励性管制有效性的全面理解。自然垄断产业激励性管制之所以有效，是因为它能够降低投资回报率管制下有限理性、机会主义倾向等因素带来的交易费用。作为一种制度安排，它耦合在了包含着明晰的产权制度、独立性管制机构、健全的监督制度等制度安排构成的合理制度结构之内，同时，考虑到路径依赖因素，通过渐进性应用有效化解了管制改革的阻力。为降低自然垄断产业管制的交易费用，我国应该加强激励性管制的应用，构建与激励性管制相适应的制度结构，并重视其应用的渐进性。
격려성관제시목전발체국가자연롱단산업주류적정부관제방식，재현실응용중성효명현。신제도경제학적교역비용、제도결구、로경의뢰등이론，유조우인문대격려성관제유효성적전면리해。자연롱단산업격려성관제지소이유효，시인위타능구강저투자회보솔관제하유한이성、궤회주의경향등인소대래적교역비용。작위일충제도안배，타우합재료포함착명석적산권제도、독립성관제궤구、건전적감독제도등제도안배구성적합리제도결구지내，동시，고필도로경의뢰인소，통과점진성응용유효화해료관제개혁적조력。위강저자연롱단산업관제적교역비용，아국응해가강격려성관제적응용，구건여격려성관제상괄응적제도결구，병중시기응용적점진성。
As the main way of regulation of the natural monopoly industries in Western developed countries, incentive regulation has achieved remarkable results. The theoretical framework of new institutional economics, which includes transaction costs, institutional structure and path dependence etc, can help us to comprehensively understand the effectiveness of incentive regulation. The reasons of the effectiveness of incentive regulation includes： it can reduce transaction costs, which are brought by limited rationality, opportunism and other factors under the rate of return regulation; and as an institutional arrangement, it embedded in an reasonable institutional structure that includes clear system of property rights, independent regulatory agency, perfect supervisory system; and taking into account path dependence, the regulatory reform resistance is effectively eliminated by the gradual application. In order to reduce the transaction costs of natural monopoly industries regulation, China should strengthen the application of incentive regulation, build the institutional structure that is compatible with incentive regulation, and attach importance to the gradualness of application.