CAJ | 학술논문

北冰洋海冰随着气候变暖加速融化,北极西北航道通航成为可能.加拿大在西北航道管理及主权诉求过程中,加大航道安全及污染防治等航道管理力度,以环境保护名义通过国内法间接谋求其西北航道主权地位,并使其国内法相关原则成功在国际法中得以体现,从而为本国赢取了航道管理的有利因素.但是,悬而未决的西北航道主权之争,航运法律体系的缺失,航道通航服务设施的落后,政府的不力等制约因素,使加拿大西北航道的管理之路和主权诉求困难重重.本文认为,西北航道法律地位问题尚未定论,其主权归属仍存变数,这无疑是加拿大面临的最大挑战.
북빙양해빙수착기후변난가속융화,북겁서북항도통항성위가능.가나대재서북항도관리급주권소구과정중,가대항도안전급오염방치등항도관리력도,이배경보호명의통과국내법간접모구기서북항도주권지위,병사기국내법상관원칙성공재국제법중득이체현,종이위본국영취료항도관리적유리인소.단시,현이미결적서북항도주권지쟁,항운법률체계적결실,항도통항복무설시적락후,정부적불력등제약인소,사가나대서북항도적관리지로화주권소구곤난중중.본문인위,서북항도법률지위문제상미정론,기주권귀속잉존변수,저무의시가나대면림적최대도전.
With the global warming, the Arctic Ocean ice melts, and thus the Arctic Northwest Passage is navigable in the near future. Based on the introduction of measures that Canada has taken in its administration for Northwest Passage and claim for its sovereignty, the paper takes an objective look into the favorable and restricting factors that Canada has encountered. Canada is good at taking advantage of chances by enacting series of relative domestic laws, claiming passage sovereignty in the name of environmental protection with domestic laws, and incorporating the principles of domestic laws into international laws. However, Canada is confronted with various diffieuhies, such as the dispute on legal status of the Northwest Passage, the lack of a comprehensive shipping legal system, the unfavorable conditions of navigation service facilities, ineffective governance, etc. The paper concludes with a brief analysis on chances and challenges for Canada if the Northwest Passage is open to international navigation.